韦应物（约737—约792），京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，出身京兆韦氏。与王维、孟浩然、柳宗元并称“王孟韦柳”。
本辑甄选其民生·讽喻·乐府短调13首，凸显韦应物“吏隐人格”的另一半——把田家徭役、郡斋自惭、长安贵游、石鼓古文、藩镇兵气一并织进清秋淮雨里。
1.《观田家》
1.微雨众卉新，一雷惊蛰始。
田家几日闲，耕种从此起。
丁壮俱在野，场圃亦就理。
归来景常晏，饮犊西涧水。
饥劬不自苦，膏泽且为喜。
仓廪无宿储，徭役犹未已。
方惭不耕者，禄食出闾里。
校勘・异体标注（中华书局《全唐诗》）
1） 廪：俗写异体「禀」，典籍中混用，正文统一用规范字「廪」；
2）劬：无通行替代异文，底本仅此一字；
Watching the Farmers at Work
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Soft drizzle wakes all herbs fresh and green,
One peal of thunder stirs Awakening Spring.
What idle days can farmer ever gain?
All ploughing labour now begins amain.
Strong able men across the wilds depart,
Each yard and garden tends with toilsome heart.
They trudge back home when daylight fades away,
And lead young calves to brook’scool water spray.
Though worn and famished, not in grief they pine,
The gentle rain alone makes their hearts shine.
No grain is stored within their barn’s dark frame,
Unceasing tax and corvée stilllay claim.
I blush, who plough no earth, yet draw my fee,
My livelihood springs from their drudgery.
2.《郡斋雨中与诸文士燕集》
2.兵卫森画戟，燕寝凝清香。
海上风雨至，逍遥池阁凉。
烦疴近消散，嘉宾复满堂。
自惭居处崇，未睹斯民康。
理会是非遣，性达形迹忘。
鲜肥属时禁，蔬果幸见尝。
俯饮一杯酒，仰聆金玉章。
神欢体自轻，意欲凌风翔。
吴中盛文史，群彦今汪洋。
方知大藩地，岂曰财赋强。
校勘・异体标注
1）燕：通假字，通「宴」；
2) 疴：古异体「痾」，音义完全等同；
Feast with Literati in Prefect’s Study Amid Rain
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Painted halberds stand in ordered neat rows,
Pure calm incense in our banquet glows.
Wind and rain surge from the ocean’s far shores,
The poolside bower breathes cool and mild airs.
My lingering ailments fade and depart,
Worthy guests fill every corner and heart.
I grieve my lofty rank brings no great good,
I see no peace where common folk should stand.
I cast all quarrel and strife far apart,
Free from pretence, my soul lays bare its heart.
Rich meat is banned by seasonal rule,
We taste fresh fruit and greens as our fuel.
I bow to sip my single goblet’swine,
Uplift my ears to verse of jade design.
My spirit gladdens, my frame grows light and free,
I yearn to soar aloft with wind’sswift glee.
Wu’s lands abound in learned menof fame,
A tide of talents gathers here the same.
Now well I know this grand provincial zone,
Its boast is scholars, not mere tax alone.
3. 《长安道》
汉家宫殿含云烟，两宫十里相连延。
晨霞出没弄丹阙，春雨依微自甘泉。
春雨依微春尚早，长安贵游爱芳草。
宝马横来下建章，香车却转避驰道。
贵游谁最贵，卫霍世难比。
何能蒙主恩，幸遇边尘起。
归来甲第拱皇居，朱门峨峨临九衢。
中有流苏合欢之宝帐，一百二十凤凰罗列含明珠。
下有锦铺翠被之粲烂，博山吐香五云散。
丽人绮阁情飘飖，头上鸳钗双翠翘。
低鬟曳袖回春雪，聚黛一声愁碧霄。
山珍海错弃藩篱，烹犊炰羔如折葵。
既请列侯封部曲，还将金印授庐儿。
欢荣若此何所苦，但苦白日西南驰。
The Road of Chang’an
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Han palaces stand wrapped in mist and haze,
Two royal courts stretch ten li through bright days.
Dawn glow streaks red turrets far and wide,
Soft spring rain drifts down Sweet Spring’s hillside.
Thin spring showers—springscarce has just begun,
Nobles roam Chang’an wheretender grasses run.
Sleek chargers dash from Jianzhang’s tall gate,
Fragrant carriages swerve to shun the state’s straight way.
Who among lords holds the loftiest fate?
No house may rival Wei and Huo’sgreat state.
Their royal grace arose from frontier strife,
When smoke of war rose o’er thedistant life.
Grand mansions rise close the emperor’s hall,
Tall crimson gates overlook all nine broad roads tall.
Inside hang canopies strung with tassel thread,
A hundred phoenix frames bear pearls overhead.
Brocade mats spread, green quilts glow fair and bright,
Bronze censer smoke unfurls in clouded light.
Fair ladies dwell in silk-wrought towers high,
Twin kingfisher hairpins grace each soft eye.
They droop soft locks, wave sleeves like spring snow’s sweep,
With furrowed brows, their sorrow climbs heaven’s steep.
All rare sea feasts are cast aside, regretless,
They roast calves and lambs as trivial greens, careless.
They grant their soldiers rank and noble seal,
Give golden tokens to their household thrall.
What grief can mar such lavish joy and delight?
They mourn the sun slides westward out of sight.
4.《行路难（一作连环歌）》
荆山之白玉兮，良工雕琢双环连。
月蚀中央镜心穿。
故人赠妾初相结，恩在环中寻不绝。
人情厚薄苦须臾，昔似连环今似玦。
连环可碎不可离，如何物在人自移。
上客勿遽欢，听妾歌路难。
旁人见环环可怜，不知中有长恨端。
Hardship of Mortal Ways (Alternate Title: Ballad ofLinked Rings)
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Jade from Jing Hill, pure white and rare,
By skilled carver paired rings fair.
Through its round heart a moon-like hollow bore;
When erstwhile love bestowed this token core.
That gift once sealed our boundless tie,
Kindness woven, never to die.
Human fondness fades in fleeting hour;
Once linked rings, now split jade shard’s power.
These linked rings may crack, yet ne’er apart,
How could our bond shift, though token’s art still stays my heart?
O noble guest, pause your brief delight,
Hear my lay of life’s bitterplight.
All folk gaze at these rings and sigh their grace,
They know not endless grief lies hidden in their trace.
5. 《鸢夺巢》
野鹊野鹊巢林梢，鸱鸢恃力夺鹊巢。
吞鹊之肝啄鹊脑，窃食偷居还自保。
凤凰五色百鸟尊，知鸢为害何不言。
霜鹯野鹞得残肉，同啄膻腥不肯逐。
可怜百鸟纷纵横，虽有深林何处宿。
The Kite Seizes the Magpie’s Nest
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Wild magpie, wild magpie, your nest tops the tree,
A vicious kite seizes it by brute power free.
It gnaws your heart, and pecks your tender head,
Steals food and home, to guard its life with dread.
The phoenix clad in hues all birds revere,
Sees the kite’s wrong, yet whydoes it not interfere?
Sharp hawks snatch bloody scraps and linger near,
They peck foul gore but won’tchase the kite clear.
Poor flocks of birds drift wandering wide and thin,
Though thick woods stand, no safe rest they can win.
6. 《贵游行》
汉帝外家门，高冠盛朱轮。
春风开甲第，车马日相奔。
玉盘脍红鲤，金炉扬翠筠。
一朝时运尽，宾客寂无人。
Ode to Nobles’ Vanity
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
The emperor’s kin wear tallhats, ride red wheeled cart,
Spring breezes grace their mansions grand and smart.
Each day carriages throng their courtyard gate,
Jade plates hold sliced red carp for every state.
Gold censers breathe green incense soft and thin,
Till fortune fades, and guests no more come in.
7. 《酒肆行》
豪家沽酒长安陌，一旦起楼高百尺。
碧疏玲珑含春风，银题彩帜邀上客。
回瞻丹凤阙，直视乐游苑。
四方称赏名已高，五陵车马无近远。
晴景悠扬三月天，桃花飘俎柳垂筵。
繁丝急管一时合，他垆邻肆何寂然。
主人无厌且专利，百斛须臾一壶费。
初醲后薄为大偷，饮者知名不知味。
深门潜酝客来稀，终岁醇醲味不移。
长安酒徒空扰扰，路傍过去那得知。
校勘・异体 / 异文标注
1）垆：通假异体「炉」，酒店专用字，正文用「垆」；
2）百斛须臾一壶费：一作「一囊费」；
Ballad of the Tavern
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Wealthy lords sell wine on Chang’an’s bustling lane,
They rear a hundred-foot tavern without restrain.
Carved azure windows breathe soft spring wind’s sweet strain,
Silver plaques, bright flags invite men of noble gain.
Glance back, red phoenix turrets meet the eye,
Leyou Garden spreads far beneath the sky.
Their fame spreads wide through every distant shire,
Riders from Five Mounds come near and far to admire.
Mild March air drifts in languid, warm repose,
Peach blooms drift o’er feastswhere willow boughs repose.
Strings and pipes strike up one lively, rapid lay,
While neighbouring shops sink into silent decay.
The keeper craves profit with unending greed,
One jar’s cost equals a hundredpecks of seed.
Rich mellow brew first, then thin watery deceit,
Guests know his name yet taste no genuine sweet.
Behind closed gates, his pure brew stands alone,
Its mellow taste through all seasons is known.
Chang’an’s drunkards bustle to and fro each day,
But passers-by ne'er learn his treacherous way.
8. 《石鼓歌》
周宣大猎兮岐之阳，刻石表功兮炜煌煌。
石如鼓形数止十，风雨缺讹苔藓涩。
今人濡纸脱其文，既击既扫白黑分。
忽开满卷不可识，惊潜动蛰走云云。
喘逶迤，相纠错，乃是宣王之臣史籀作。
一书遗此天地间，精意长存世冥寞。
秦家祖龙还刻石，碣石之罘李斯迹。
世人好古犹共传，持来比此殊悬隔。
校勘・异体规范：
1）相纠错：古繁体底本作「相糺錯」，「糺」为「纠」异体，正文统一规范为「纠」；
2)史籀：古繁体作「史籕」，「籕」为「籀」异形俗字，正文用规范「籀」；
3)李斯迹：繁体底本作「李斯跡」，「跡」同「迹」，正文用简化规范字；
Ballad of the Stone Drums
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
King Xuan held grand hunt south of Qi’s bright slope,
He carved stone drums to record his glorious scope.
Ten drum-shaped stones stand worn by wind and rain,
Dark moss clings thick where aged texts remain.
Men dampen paper to rub carved lines clear,
Strike and sweep stone to draw black ink’s veneer.
Long scrolls unfold with marks hard to discern,
Startling all hidden beasts, dragons twist and serpentsturn.
Winding tangled scripts in rows unfold,
By Minister Shi Zhou these texts were mould.
This script was left betwixt heaven and earth,
Its noble spirit lives through ages’ dearth.
First Qin Emperor carved stones on the shore,
At Jieshi and Zhifu, Li Si’smarks endure.
Men cherish old relics and pass them round,
Yet Qin’s faint carvings lag farbehind these ground.
9. 《逢杨开府》
韦应物
少事武皇帝，无赖恃恩私。
身作里中横，家藏亡命儿。
朝持樗蒲局，暮窃东邻姬。
司隶不敢捕，立在白玉墀。
骊山风雪夜，长杨羽猎时。
一字都不识，饮酒肆顽痴。
武皇升仙去，憔悴被人欺。
读书事已晚，把笔学题诗。
两府始收迹，南宫谬见推。
非才果不容，出守抚茕嫠。
忽逢杨开府，论旧涕俱垂。
坐客何由识，惟有故人知。
校勘・异文标注：
樗蒲：一作「樗蒱」，二字为古代博戏专用异体写法，正文取通行「樗蒲」。
Meeting Prefect Yang Again
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
I served the Martial Emperor in my youthful prime,
By royal grace I dared wild reckless deeds to ply;
I ruled the lanes with lawless, overbearing crime,
And sheltered fugitives beneath my roof to lie.
At dawn I grasped the dice for gambling’s idle game,
At dusk I wooed the maiden of the neighbour’s door;
Officials dared not lay their hands upon my name,
For I stood on white‑jade steps before the palace floor.
On Lishan’s heights when wind and snow swept through thenight,
At Chang‑Yang hunts where feathered archers took theirstand;
No letter could I read, no spark of learning’s light,
I drank and gave free rein to folly’s reckless hand.
When Xuanzong passed to immortality’s domain,
Haggard and worn, I bore the scorn of worldly men;
Too late to learn, yet still I strove for knowledge’sgain,
Holding the brush to trace my first poetic pen.
Two courts reined in my wild unruly wayward fate,
The Southern Palace praised my worth beyond my due;
Unfit for court, I left the capital’s high gate,
To soothe the widowed and the orphaned folk in view.
Then chanced I met you, Yang, old friend of days goneby;
Recalling bygone years, our tears began to flow;
The guests around can never fathom why we sigh,
Only long‑tried friends the secret of our lives canknow.
10. 《饵黄精》
灵药出西山，服食采其根。
九蒸换凡骨，经著上世言。
候火起中夜，馨香满南轩。
斋居感众灵，药术启妙门。
自怀物外心，岂与俗士论。
终期脱印绶，永与天壤存。
Taking Polygonatum for Immortality
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Rare healing herb grows on the western hill,
I dig its root to brew my spiritual pill.
Nine times steamed pure to change my mortal bone,
As ancient scriptures told long years ago.
I tend the fire through midnight’s quiet hour,
Sweet fragrance fills my southern bower.
Pure fasting moves all spirits of the earth,
Herbal arts unlock the mystic worth.
My heart craves freedom from mortal crowd,
I speak not of this truth to worldly crowd.
I hope to cast my official seal aside,
And live forever with the heaven wide.
11. 《高陵书情寄三原卢少府》
直方难为进，守此微贱班。
开卷不及顾，沉埋案牍间。
兵凶久相践，徭赋岂得闲。
促戚下可哀，宽政身致患。
日夕思自退，出门望故山。
君心倘如此，携手相与还。
Sending Thoughts to Magistrate Lu Fangzhi fromGaoling
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Hard is advancement in this humble rank,
Buried in scrolls and files from dawn till dusk blank.
War’s havoc rages through allyears gone by,
Corvée and tax leave folk nopeace to lie.
Harsh rule brings sorrow to the common man,
Lenient governance draws hardship to my hand.
Each dawn and dusk I long to step aside,
Walk out and gaze on my hometown mountain’s side.
If your heart shares this longing to retreat,
We’ll walk hand in hand to ourold rural seat.
12. 《城中卧疾知阎薛二子屡从邑令饮因以赠之》
车马日萧萧，胡不枉我庐。
方来从令饮，卧病独何如。
秋风起汉皋，开户望平芜。
即此吝音素，焉知中密疏。
渴者不思火，寒者不求水。
人生羁寓时，去就当如此。
犹希心异迹，眷眷存终始。
To Yan and Xue, Who Feast with Magistrate While I LieIll
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Each day carriages clatter to and fro,
Why never turn to visit my abode?
You feast and drink with county magistrate,
While I lie sick in lonely helpless state.
Autumn winds rise o’er Han’s riverbank,
I fling my door to gaze on the bare strand.
You spare your words and letters all these days,
How know you my heart’s tangled weary haze?
Thirsty men seek not the flame’s warm glow,
Cold souls ask not for water’s gentle flow.
When life exiles us far from native ground,
Such is our lot when fate in exile bound.
Yet still I hope your heart retains old grace,
Our friendship shall endure through every space.
13. 《广陵行》
雄藩镇楚郊，地势郁岧峣。
双旌拥万戟，中有霍嫖姚。
海云助兵气，宝货益军饶。
严城动寒角，晚骑踏霜桥。
翕习英豪集，振奋士卒骁。
列郡何足数，趋拜等卑寮。
日宴方云罢，人逸马萧萧。
忽如京洛间，游子风尘飘。
归来视宝剑，功名岂一朝。
校勘・异体标注：
岧峣：异体写作「迢峣」，形容山势高峻，正文取通行「岧峣」。
Ballad of Guangling
By Wei Yingwu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
A mighty fief guards Chu’s outer border ground,
Tall rugged hills in layered grandeur bound.
Two banners wave o’er ten thousand spear and blade,
A bold general like Huo Piaoyao here stayed.
Sea clouds swell martial spirit far and wide,
Rich treasure heaps beside the barracks bide.
Cold bugles echo from the walled town high,
Riders tread frost bridges ‘neath the dusk sky.
Brave heroes gather here from every way,
All soldiers roused to march and never stray.
Counties bow low in endless waiting queue,
Minor servants kneel their lord in view.
Day-long feasts at last draw to an end,
Men rest, their horses neigh and gently bend.
The town resembles Luo and Chang’an’s street,
Wanderers drift through dust and wind’s sharp beat.
I turn back home and gaze upon my blade,
Great fame and merit are not by one day made.
至此三辑四十余首英译收官，足以把这位“王孟韦柳”中最被低估的一位，从《滁州西涧》那一叶孤舟上请下来，让他站在田家的春雨里、郡斋的清香中、长安的酒肆前、广陵的霜桥上，把一生要说的话说完。
他的诗渡海而去，不为征服，只为滋养——像那场淮南的秋雨，无声地落在另一片土地上的读者心田。（翻译王永利）