美国总统特朗普就委内瑞拉军事行动召开发布会后，“Donroe Doctrine”（唐罗主义）一词迅速在西方媒体中走红。
华尔街日报：委内瑞拉开启特朗普“唐罗主义”时代
美国广播公司：特朗普以美国旧有政策为依据，借“唐罗主义”谋求主导西半球
国会山报：美国国务院称“这是我们的半球”，凸显特朗普“唐罗主义”
从字面来看，“Donroe Doctrine”是特朗普名字Donald Trump与“Monroe Doctrine”（门罗主义）的组合。中文媒体一般将其译为“唐罗主义”。
此前，这一说法主要出现在外媒报道和外交政策专家的分析中，随着特朗普本人在发布会上对其作出解释，该词引发了更为广泛的关注和讨论。
特朗普称，“唐罗主义”是将自己名字与19世纪的“门罗主义”结合起来，代表一种“升级版”的美国霸权理念，强调通过军事与战略力量，确保美国在整个西半球的绝对安全与影响力。
In a triumphant news conference following the US military strikes that took Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro in the middle of the night last week, US President Donald Trump invoked what he called the "Donroe Doctrine" — his vision of a US superpower that could assert its military might to conquer the Western Hemisphere.
"All the way back, dated to the Monroe doctrines. And the Monroe Doctrine is a big deal, but we've superseded it by a lot, by a real lot. They now call it the Donroe Doctrine," Trump said Saturday at Mar-a-Lago.
当地时间2025年1月3日，特朗普在海湖庄园就美国在委内瑞拉的军事行动向媒体发表讲话。图源：VCG
要理解这个新词，首先需要了解它的“前身”——门罗主义。
门罗主义是什么？
门罗主义于1823年由时任美国总统詹姆斯·门罗提出。当时，拉丁美洲不少国家刚刚摆脱西班牙和葡萄牙的殖民统治，欧洲列强仍有重新介入的可能。
The "Donroe Doctrine" is a portmanteau of Donald Trump and the Monroe Doctrine — the 1800s-era doctrine that warned against European colonization in the Americas articulated by President James Monroe.
美国在当时还不算强国，但希望确立势力范围，于是提出了门罗主义。其核心是欧洲国家不得在美洲建立新的殖民地，干涉美洲国家的内政。而作为交换，美国也不干涉欧洲国家的内政。
根据美国国务院历史办公室的资料，门罗主义在之后的历史中，多次被用来作为美国干预拉美国家事务的政策依据。
According to the Department of State's Office of the Historian, the Monroe Doctrine served as justification for US intervention in Cuba, Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic.
桑德斯：这是赤裸裸的帝国主义行径
去年11月，特朗普政府发布新版国家安全战略，明确提出将以门罗主义为基础，重新调整美国在西半球的战略方向。文件提出，美国将“重新主张并执行门罗主义”，阻止非西半球国家在该地区部署军事力量或控制关键战略资产。
In November, the Trump administration released its national security strategy, modeling its policy toward the Western Hemisphere after the Monroe Doctrine.
"After years of neglect, the United States will reassert and enforce the Monroe Doctrine to restore American preeminence in the Western Hemisphere, and to protect our homeland and our access to key geographies throughout the region," the strategy reads.
报告称， “我们希望（西半球）其他国家将我们视为首选合作伙伴，我们将（通过多种方式）阻止它们与其他国家合作。” “我们应该竭尽全力将在此地区建设基础设施的外国公司排除在外。”
特朗普政府的做法 引发了强烈反弹。佛蒙特州独立参议员伯尼·桑德斯发表严厉声明，指责特朗普政府“公然违反国际法”。
桑德斯表示，特朗普政府公开宣称有权主导整个西半球事务，甚至觊觎委内瑞拉的石油资源，这是赤裸裸的帝国主义行径，唤起了拉美国家对美国历史干预的痛苦记忆。
"They have spoken openly about controlling Venezuela's oil reserves, the largest in the world. This is rank imperialism. It recalls the darkest chapters of US interventions in Latin America, which have left a terrible legacy. It will and should be condemned by the democratic world," Sanders said.
多名国际关系专家指出，特朗普政府的这一战略短视，可能在美洲地区引发长期反弹，削弱美国自身利益。
Many analysts of the Trump administration's renewed national security strategy — which is now more aligned with the Monroe Doctrine — have said the approach is "shortsighted and runs the risk of creating long-term backlash that could ultimately undermine US interests and cooperation across the Americas," according to Adam Ratzlaff, founder and CEO of Pan-American Strategic Advisors, a think tank focused on the Western Hemisphere.
来源：美国广播公司 英文悦读
跟着China Daily
精读英语新闻
“无痛”学英语，每天20分钟就够！