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标签：#CAR-T
希望之城科学家最近公布的临床前数据表明，免疫疗法是有效的。癌症晚期患者目前正在接受一项第一期人体试验。
Recently published preclinical data by City of Hope scientists shows the immunotherapy is effective. Advanced ovarian cancer patients are now being enrolled in a Phase 1 first-in-human trial.
对于复发性卵巢癌症和其他实体瘤患者，目前几乎没有有效的治疗方案，但希望之城的研究人员正在努力改变这种情况。
There are currently few effective treatment options for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer and other solid tumors, but City of Hope researchers are trying to change that.
美国最大的癌症研究和治疗组织之一“希望之城”的研究人员在《自然通讯》上发表了临床前研究，证明嵌合受体（CAR）工程T细胞疗法在实验室和临床前模型中对卵巢癌症有效。
Researchers with City of Hope, one of the largest cancer research and treatment organizations in the nation, have published preclinical research in Nature Communications demonstrating that a chimericantigenreceptor (CAR)-engineered T cell therapy worked against ovarian cancer in the laboratory and in preclinical models.
该疗法目前正在希望之城进行首次人体1期试验，针对已经接受铂类化疗的晚期上皮性卵巢癌癌症患者。该试验由希望之城外科妇科肿瘤科教授、医学博士Lorna Rodriguez Rodrigues领导，正在测试该疗法在患者中的安全性、副作用和活性。该试验目前正在招募患者接受治疗。
The therapy is currently in a first-in-human Phase 1 trial at City of Hope for patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who have already received platinum-based chemotherapy. The trial, led by Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M.D., Ph.D., City of Hope professor in its Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgery, is testing the therapy's safety, side effects and activity of the therapy in patients. The trial is currently enrolling patients for treatment.
开发针对实体瘤的CAR T细胞疗法尤其具有挑战性，因为该疗法需要首先到达实体瘤，然后在充满癌症细胞和其他防止CART细胞攻击的细胞的恶劣微环境中生存。但Priceman和他的团队在克服这些挑战方面取得了重大进展。
Developing a CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors is particularly challenging because the therapy needs to first reach the solid tumor and then survive in a harsh microenvironment that is filled with cancer cells and other cells that prevent attack by the CART cells. But Priceman and his team have made significant progress in overcoming these challenges.
该团队的最新研究发现，靶向TAG72的CAR T细胞疗法可以根除小鼠模型中的癌症细胞，TAG72是在卵巢癌症细胞表面发现的靶标。
The team's most recent research found that a CAR T cell therapy targeting TAG72, a target found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells, eradicates cancer cells in mouse models.
他补充道：“令人兴奋的是，在其他癌症细胞上也发现了TAG72，包括胰腺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌和脑肿瘤，因此，如果卵巢临床试验效果良好，我们可以研究将其扩展到其他患者。”
"What's exciting about this is that TAG72 is also found on other cancer cells, including pancreatic, colorectal, breast and brain tumors, so if the clinical trial in ovarian does well, we can investigate expanding this to other patients," he added.
CAR T细胞治疗包括从血液中提取患者的T细胞，一种有助于对抗疾病的白细胞。然后，T细胞在希望之城的实验室中用CAR重新编程，以识别和攻击一种特定的致癌蛋白，如TAG72，并重新引入患者的血液中。CAR T细胞应该能够根除癌症细胞。密切监测患者是否有任何副作用。
CAR T cell therapy involves taking a patient's T cells, a white blood cell that helps fight disease, from the bloodstream. T cells are then reprogrammed with a CAR in a City of Hope laboratory to recognize and attack a specific cancer-causing protein, such as TAG72, and reintroduced into the patient's bloodstream. CAR T cells should then eradicate cancer cells. Patients are closely monitored for any side effects.
Priceman和他的团队还发现，通过将细胞因子白细胞介素-12（IL-12）（一种向免疫系统发送信号的蛋白质）添加到CAR T细胞治疗中，这种治疗在实验室中对癌症细胞更有效，表明IL-12还使T细胞既能对抗癌症，又能离开肿瘤区域，进入血液并靶向身体周围的其他癌症细胞。Priceman指出，IL-12目前不是目前1期临床试验的一部分。
Priceman and his team also found that by adding the cytokine Interleukin-12 (IL-12), a protein that sends signals to the immune system, to the CAR T cell therapy, the treatment worked more effectively against cancer cells in the lab. The co-first authors Eric Hee Jun Lee and John P. Murad, Ph.D., along with the rest of the team, showed that IL-12 also enabled the T cells to both fight the cancer and leave the tumor area, enter the bloodstream and target other cancer cells around the body. Priceman noted that IL-12 is not currently part of the current Phase 1 clinical trial.
临床前研究还发现，通过注射癌症所在地区的CAR T细胞疗法，也能有效地使CAR T电池靶向其他地方的癌症。这项技术在迄今为止测试的几种癌症类型中既安全又提高了抗肿瘤活性。
The preclinical research also found that delivering the CAR T cell therapy via an injection where the cancer is located, regionally, is also effective in enabling CAR T cells to target cancer elsewhere. This technology allows for both safety and improved anti-tumor activity in several cancer types tested to date.
Priceman补充道：“这种疗法在希望之城已经酝酿了多年，所以我们很高兴终于在癌症晚期需要更多治疗的患者身上看到它。”
"This therapy has been years in the making at City of Hope, so we are excited to finally see it in patients whose cancer is advanced and are in need of more treatments," Priceman added.
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