走向大师说
Exam56物流货运代理网专注于国际货运代理、物流行业的深度研究和专项考试分析，帮助小伙伴提升行业的认知和积累。
Air cargo demand slipped back below pre-Covid levels in March, according to the latest market data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA), and also showed a continued downtrend against the previous years.
根据国际航空运输协会（IATA）的最新市场数据，3月份航空货运需求回落至疫情前的水平，与前几年相比，也显示出持续下降的趋势。
IATA data for March 2023 on global air cargo markets shows a continued decline against the previous year's demand performance — this trend, the airline association noted, began in March 2022.
国际航空运输协会2023年3月关于全球航空货运市场的数据显示，与前一年的需求表现相比，需求表现持续下降——该航空协会指出，这一趋势始于2022年3月。
Global demand, measured in cargo tonne-kilometres (CTKs), fell 7.7% compared to March 2022 (-8.1% for international operations).
以货物吨公里（CTK）衡量的全球需求与2022年3月相比下降了7.7%（国际业务下降了8.1%）。
IATA, noted, however, that this was a "slight improvement" over the previous February's performance (-9.4%) and half the rate of annual decline seen in January and December (-16.8% and -15.6% respectively).
然而，国际航空运输协会指出，这比前2月的表现（-9.4%）“略有改善”，是1月和12月年度下降率的一半（分别为-16.8%和-15.6%）。
Air cargo demand back to below pre-Covid levels
空运货物需求降至疫情之前的水平以下
"At this point, it is unclear if this is a potentially modest start of an improvement trend or the upside of market volatility. Irrespective of this, March's performance slipped back into negative territory compared to pre-COVID levels (-8.1%)," it said.
“目前，尚不清楚这是改善趋势的一个潜在的温和开端，还是市场波动的上行。尽管如此，与新冠疫情前的水平（-8.1%）相比，3月份的表现又滑回了负值区域，”报告称。
Meanwhile, capacity — measured in available cargo tonne-kilometres, ACTK — was up 9.9% compared to March 2022, reflecting the addition of belly capacity as the passenger side of the business continues to recover.
与此同时，以可用货运吨公里（ACTK）衡量的运力与2022年3月相比增长了9.9%，反映出随着客运业务的持续复苏，客机腹舱运力的增加。
"Air cargo had a volatile first quarter," said Willie Walsh, IATA's Director General. "In March, overall demand slipped back below pre-COVID-19 levels and most of the indicators for the fundamental drivers of air cargo demand are weak or weakening."
国际航空运输协会（IATA）总干事威利·沃尔什（Willie Walsh）表示：“第一季度航空货运情况不稳定。”。“3月份，总体需求回落到新冠肺炎疫情爆发前的水平以下，航空货运需求基本驱动因素的大多数指标疲软或减弱。”
"While the trading environment is tough, there is some good news. Airlines are getting help in managing through the volatility with yields that have remained high and fuel prices that have moderated from exceptionally high levels," he added.
他补充道：“虽然交易环境艰难，但也有一些好消息。航空公司正在获得帮助，以应对收益率居高不下的波动，燃料价格从异常高的水平回落。”。
"Looking ahead, with inflation reducing in G7 countries policymakers are expected to ease economic cooling measures and that would stimulate demand," Walsh further said.
沃尔什进一步表示：“展望未来，随着七国集团国家通胀率的下降，政策制定者预计将放松经济降温措施，这将刺激需求。”。
March regional performance
三月地区表现
On a regional basis, IATA's data showed that Asia-Pacific airlines saw their air cargo volumes decrease by 7.3% in March 2023 compared to the same month in 2022 — but a slight decrease in performance compared to February (-5.4%).
从地区来看，国际航空运输协会的数据显示，2023年3月，亚太航空公司的航空货运量与2022年同月相比下降了7.3%，但与2月相比略有下降（-5.4%）。
"The drop in demand suggests that air cargo traffic in the region has not yet stabilized following China's reopening in January," IATA said.
国际航空运输协会表示：“需求下降表明，在中国1月份重新开放后，该地区的航空货运量尚未稳定。”。
North American carriers posted the weakest performance of all regions with a 9.4% decrease in cargo volumes in March 2023 compared to the same month in 2022. This was a decrease in performance compared to February (-10.3%).
北美航空公司的表现在所有地区中最弱，与2022年同月相比，2023年3月的货运量下降了9.4%。与2月份（-10.3%）相比，业绩有所下降。
IATA said the transatlantic route between North America and Europe saw traffic declining at an "accelerated pace throughout March."
国际航空运输协会表示，北美和欧洲之间的跨大西洋航线“整个3月的货运量都在加速下降”。
European carriers saw the most substantial improvement in demand in March over the previous month. Airlines in the region saw their air cargo volumes decrease by 7.8% in March 2023 compared to the same month in 2022.
欧洲航空公司3月份的需求比上月有了最大幅度的改善。与2022年同月相比，该地区航空公司2023年3月的航空货运量下降了7.8%。
"Airlines in the region continue to be most affected by the war in Ukraine. Capacity increased 8.8% in March 2023 compared to March 2022," IATA said.
国际航空运输协会表示：“该地区的航空公司继续受到乌克兰战争的最大影响。与2022年3月相比，2023年3月的运力增加了8.8%。”。
Middle Eastern carriers experienced a 5.5% year-on-year decrease in cargo volumes in March — an improvement to the previous month's decline as demand on Middle East-Europe routes has been trending upward in recent months.
中东航空公司3月份的货运量同比下降5.5%，与上月的下降相比有所改善，因为近几个月来中东-欧洲航线的需求呈上升趋势。
IATA said Latin American carriers had the "strongest performance" of all regions in March despite posting a decline in performance over the previous month.
国际航空运输协会表示，尽管拉丁美洲航空公司的业绩比前一个月有所下降，但3月份的业绩在所有地区中“最强”。
African airlines saw cargo volumes decrease by 6.2% year-on-year in March — although IATA said notably, Africa to Asia routes experienced significant cargo demand growth in March.
非洲航空公司3月份的货运量同比下降6.2%，尽管国际航空运输协会表示，值得注意的是，3月份非洲至亚洲航线的货运需求大幅增长。