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The International Air Transport Association (IATA) welcomed the agreement by AT&T Services, T-Mobile, UScellular, and Verizon to extend until January 1, 2028, the voluntary mitigation measures for 5G C-band transmissions at 188 US airports.
国际航空运输协会（IATA）欢迎AT&T Services、T-Mobile、UScellular和Verizon达成协议，将188个美国机场的5G的C波段传输自愿缓解措施延长至2028年1月1日。
These mitigation measures, which were put in place in January 2022, concurrent with the rollout of 5G C-band operations at or near US airports, include lowering the power of 5G transmissions and had been set to expire on July 1, 2023.
这些缓解措施于2022年1月实施，同时在美国机场或附近推出5G C波段业务，包括降低5G传输功率，并将于2023年7月1日到期。
In a statement, IATA, noted, however, that while the agreement is a welcome "stop-gap development, it is by no means a solution."
然而，国际航空运输协会在一份声明中指出，尽管该协议是一个受欢迎的“权宜之计”，但它绝不是一个解决方案。
It noted that the underlying safety and economic issues around 5G C-band deployments by telecommunications services providers (telcos) have only been "kicked down the road."
它指出，电信服务提供商（电信公司）围绕5G C波段部署的潜在安全和经济问题只是“被踢下了道路”。
"Airlines did not create this situation. They are victims of poor government planning and coordination. Industry concerns about 5G, expressed for many years in the appropriate forums, were ignored and overridden. Half-measure solutions have been foisted upon airlines to implement at their own expense and with little visibility into their long-term viability," said Nick Careen, IATA's senior vice president of operations, safety and security.
“航空公司并没有造成这种情况。他们是政府规划和协调不力的受害者。多年来，行业对5G的担忧在适当的论坛上表达出来，但却被忽视和推翻了。航空公司被迫采取折中的解决方案，自费实施，对其长期可行性几乎没有了解，”尼克·卡伦说，国际航空运输协会负责运营、安全和安保的高级副总裁。
"This extension is an opportunity for all stakeholders, including telcos, government regulators, airlines and equipment manufacturers, to work together for a fair and equitable solution," Careen added.
Careen补充道：“此次延期为所有利益相关者提供了一个机会，包括电信公司、政府监管机构、航空公司和设备制造商，共同努力寻求公平公正的解决方案。”。
The activation of 5G C-band operations in January 2022 threatened enormous disruption to the US air transport system because of the potential risk of interference with aircraft radio altimeters (radalts) that also use C-band spectrum and are critical to aircraft landing and safety systems.
2022年1月5G的C波段运营的启动可能会对美国航空运输系统造成巨大干扰，因为飞机无线电高度表（radalts）也使用C波段频谱，对飞机着陆和安全系统至关重要。
IATA noted that this was "only addressed at the eleventh hour" when AT&T and Verizon agreed to a voluntary power limit for 5G C-band transmissions near airports.
国际航空运输协会指出，当at&T和Verizon同意对机场附近的5G C波段传输进行自愿功率限制时，这“只是在最后一刻才得到解决”。
It added that even with this agreement, however, the continuing risk of interference with aircraft radalts was seen as so significant by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) that airlines were only permitted to operate at affected airports in low visibility (Category 2 and Category 3) conditions through one of two methods:
它补充说，然而，即使有了这项协议，美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）也认为飞机雷达干扰的持续风险是如此之大，以至于航空公司只能通过以下两种方法之一在低能见度（2类和3类）条件下在受影响的机场运营：
• Alternative Means of Compliance (AMOC) under which avionics and aircraft original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) establish that specific aircraft/radalt combinations provide sufficient resilience against interference to continue to utilize low visibility landing procedures at the affected airports;
•替代合规手段（AMOC），根据该手段，航空电子设备和飞机原始设备制造商（OEM）确定特定的飞机/雷达组合提供足够的抗干扰能力，以继续在受影响的机场使用低能见度着陆程序；
• Modifying existing radalts or replacing them with newer models at their own expense, to enable unrestricted operations at agreed 5G power levels.
•自费修改现有的雷达或用新型号取代它们，以实现在商定的5G功率水平下的无限制运行。
In May 2022, the FAA informed airlines that, as of July 1, 2023, the AMOC process would end.
2022年5月，美国联邦航空局通知航空公司，自2023年7月1日起，AMOC程序将结束。
In its place, a blanket requirement defining a minimum performance level for radalts for low-visibility landing procedures was to be established.
取而代之的是，将制定一项总括性要求，定义低能见度着陆程序中雷达的最低性能水平。
IATA noted that radalts not meeting the minimum performance level would have to be replaced or upgraded at the airline's expense — with the cost of fleet-wide radalt upgrading estimated at more than US$638 million.
国际航空运输协会指出，不符合最低性能水平的雷达必须更换或升级，费用由航空公司承担，整个机队的雷达升级成本估计超过6.38亿美元。
"Several airlines began the radalt upgrade process shortly after the May 2022 communication from the FAA, even though the FAA did not issue a formal notice of proposed rulemaking until January 2023. Even then, supply chain issues make it unlikely that all aircraft can be upgraded by the July 1, deadline, threatening operational disruptions during the peak northern summer travel season," IATA explained.
“几家航空公司在2022年5月美国联邦航空管理局沟通后不久就开始了radalt升级程序，尽管美国联邦航空局直到2023年1月才发布拟议规则制定的正式通知。即便如此，供应链问题也使所有飞机不太可能在7月1日的最后期限前升级，这可能会在北部夏季旅游旺季造成运营中断，”国际航空运输协会解释道。
Temporary fix — not a solution
临时修复-不是解决方案
It added that the latest agreement by the telcos to defer until January 2028 full power-up of 5G C-band transmissions near airports "buys time but does not address underlying issues."
它补充说，电信公司最新达成的将机场附近5G的C波段传输的全面通电推迟到2028年1月的协议“争取了时间，但没有解决根本问题”。
IATA said the retrofits required by July 1, 2023, are a temporary fix as they are "not sufficiently resilient" in the face of full-power 5G C-band transmissions.
国际航空运输协会表示，到2023年7月1日所需的改造是一个临时解决方案，因为它们在面对全功率5G C波段传输时“弹性不足”。
It said that new 5G tolerant radalt standards are being developed but are not expected to be approved before the second half of 2024.
该公司表示，正在开发新的5G容忍radalt标准，但预计在2024年下半年之前不会获得批准。
Following that, radalt makers will begin the lengthy process to design, certify and build the new devices for installation in thousands of existing aircraft, as well as for all new aircraft delivered between now and 2028.
此后，radalt制造商将开始漫长的过程，设计、认证和制造新设备，用于安装在数千架现有飞机上，以及从现在到2028年交付的所有新飞机。
IATA added that four-and-a-half years is a very tight timeframe for the scale of this undertaking.
国际航空运输协会补充说，就这项事业的规模而言，四年半的时间是非常紧迫的。
"Many airlines have indicated that despite their best efforts they will not meet the July 1 deadline owing to supply chain issues. But even for those that do, these investments will bring no gains in operating efficiency. Furthermore, this is only a temporary holding action," Careen said.
Careen表示：“许多航空公司表示，尽管他们尽了最大努力，但由于供应链问题，他们将无法在7月1日的最后期限前完成任务。但即使对那些这样做的航空公司来说，这些投资也不会提高运营效率。此外，这只是一种暂时的搁置行动”。
"Under current scenarios, airlines will have to retrofit most of their aircraft twice in just five years. And with the standards for the second retrofit yet to be developed we could easily be facing the same supply chain issues in 2028 that we are struggling with today."
“在目前的情况下，航空公司将不得不在短短五年内对大部分飞机进行两次改装。由于第二次改装的标准尚未制定，我们很容易在2028年面临与我们今天所面临的相同的供应链问题。”
"This is patently unfair and wasteful. We need a more rational approach that does not place the entire burden for addressing this unfortunate situation on aviation," the IATA SVP of operations, safety and security, added.
国际航空运输协会运营、安全和安保高级副总裁补充道：“这显然是不公平和浪费的。我们需要一种更合理的方法，不要把解决这一不幸情况的全部负担都推给航空业”。