有限空间里的多功能游乐场
A Multi-purpose Playground in a Limited Space
游乐场的目的是什么？它们是为了给日常的家庭生活带来变化?为游客提供全新的、有趣的体验，还是为了创造激发儿童交流和思维的新想法？
什么能真正使游乐场变得独特和具有教育意义，以及如何成功地将所有这些功能汇集到一个空间中？
Playgrounds: what is their purpose? Are they designed to bring variety to everyday family life; to offer visitors completely new and interesting experiences or maybe to create new ideas for stimulating children’s communication and minds?
What can really make a playground unique and educational and how to succeed in bringing all these features together in one space?
游乐场
Playground
这里有一个来自景观局AFA的案例研究。在莫斯科市中心有限的空间里的一个多功能的游乐场。
Here is one case study from the landscape bureau AFA. A multifunctional playground on a limited space in the center of Moscow.
Renome儿童实验室
Renome KID’S LAB
景观局AFA设计并建造了一个多功能的KID'S LAB区，位于精英住宅区 "Renome"。
AFA的团队根据他们对儿童游戏过程的研究，创造了一些空间。心理学家分析了游乐场的典型行为模式，并利用这些发现来设计新设施。
Landscape bureau AFA designed and built a multipurpose KID’S LAB zone located in the elite residential complex «Renome».
AFA’s team has created spaces based on their research of children’s playing processes. The in-house psychologists analyzed typical patterns of behaviour in playgrounds and used these findings to design new facilities.
Renome儿童实验室
Renome KID’S LAB
该项目是在一块只有10米宽、60米长的土地上实施的。
AFA设法将户外区域划分为几个部分，以满足不同年龄段的兴趣和需求。这些空间不是孤立的，而是相互依存、相辅相成的，因此所有年龄段的孩子都能在游乐场的任何一点找到有趣的东西。
The project was implemented on a piece of land only 10 meters wide and 60 meters long.
AFA has managed to divide the outdoor area into several sections to meet the interests and needs of different ages in each one. These spaces are not isolated, but follow and complement one another, so children of all ages can find something interesting at any point of the playground.
游乐场里的儿童
Children in a playground
满足不同儿童年龄的设计
Design for Children of Different Ages
幼儿区（三岁以下儿童）位于游乐场最安静的地方，这里设置了许多发展运动技能和刺激智力成长的游戏元素。
A toddlers’ area (for children under three) is in the quietest place of the playground, where many play elements for developing fine motor skills and stimulating intellectual growth are set.
幼儿区
A toddlers’ area
一块触觉板上有不同的自然碎片，可以触摸和检查，还有一块带有锁和组件的 "忙碌板"，以及一条汽车轨道等等。
一切都是单独设计的，以吸引宝宝的好奇心和思维。
A tactile panel has different natural pieces which can be touched and examined, and there is a «busy board» with locks and components, a car track and so on.
Everything is individually designed to appeal to the baby’s curiosity and mind.
供儿童探索的设施
A facility for children to explore
在阴凉的角落里还有为父母准备的长椅和小桌子，比如他们可以坐在婴儿车旁，或者在游乐场上看着他们的孩子。
There are also benches and a small table for parents in the shaded corner, where they can sit with the stroller for example, or watch their baby on the playground — many options are available.
各种探索设施
Exploration facilities
下一个部分更倾向于学龄前儿童和年龄较大的儿童。
带有小溪和不同层次的托盘的水区是这个空间的一个关键点。
The next section is oriented more toward preschoolers and older children. .
A water area with a stream and trays on different levels is a key point in this space.
与水互动的装置
A device that interacts with water
用干沙和湿沙做实验的沙坑和一块石板也是儿童实验室这一部分的特色。
The sandpit to experiment with dry and wet sand and a slate board is also distinctive of this part of KID’S LAB.
亲水空间
Hydrophilic space
这里有一个特殊的装置--带齿轮的变形模型--是AFA发明的一个独特产品。
不同大小和颜色的齿轮被固定在一起，并通过磁铁连接到金属板上。因为有了磁铁，孩子们能够建立自己的移动机制，并可以试验其长度和旋转速度。这个装置确实得到了大家的喜爱。
A special device here — a transforming model with gears — is a unique product which has been invented by AFA.
Gear wheels of different sizes and colours are held together and attached to the metal panels by magnets. Because of the magnets, children are able to build their own moving mechanism and can experiment with its length and rotation speed. The device has really been enjoyed by everyone.
带齿轮的变形模型
A transforming model with gears
对于学龄儿童和青少年来说，这里的空间上有更多的流动性和可接受的风险水平。
There is more mobility and an acceptable level of risk in the space for schoolers and teenagers.
4.5米隧道滑梯
4.5-meter tunnel slide
一个带有语音管道的塔楼和直接通向4.5米隧道滑梯的通道是该区域的一个特色。
旁边有一个游戏平台和攀爬综合体，有斜滑梯、平衡用的错桥、下行用的索道、秋千和蹦床也是该空间的一部分。
A tower with a voice pipe and direct access to the 4.5-meter tunnel slide is a key point of the area.
Next to it, there is a play platform and climbing complex with inclined slide, staggering bridge for balancing, and a rope track for going down. A swings and a trampoline are also a part of the space.
攀爬综合体
Climbing complex
环境友好与儿童探索的场地
Environmentally Friendly Venue with Children Exploring
游乐场由天然材料制成，可以抵抗温度变化，适合各种天气条件。
周围设置了各种组合的植物和花坛，不仅仅起到了装饰作用，也提供探索环境、学习植物的机会。
The playground is made of natural materials which are resistant to temperature changes and are suitable for all weather conditions.
Plants and flowerbeds in various combinations are set all around, not only for decoration but also to provide opportunities for environment exploration, and learning about plants.
植物设计
Plant design
总之，在设计KID'S LAB时，设计师试图在小范围内创造出最多样化的空间，并实施最佳的紧凑型解决方案。既不让空间过于拥挤，又能让每个人每天都能玩到不同的场景。
KID'S LAB是附近儿童的主要景点，该团队的伟大成是设法创造一个具有各种区域和元素的多功能游乐场，而孩子们可以选择符合他们兴趣和需求的活动。
In summary, while designing KID’S LAB the architects tried to create the most diverse space possible in a small area and implement the best compact solutions, so as not to overwhelm the space and to enable everyone to play different scenarios every day.
The KID’S LAB is the main attraction for children in the neighborhood, and the team’s great achievement is managing to create a multifunctional playground with a variety of zones and elements, where visitors can choose activities matching their interests and needs.
玩耍的儿童
Hydrophilic facilities
项目信息
景观设计:AFA团队
设计年份:2020年
建成年份:2021年
客户:Sminex
摄影:Anton Donikov
项目地点:俄罗斯莫斯科
类型:游乐场
Landscape Architecture: AFA Group
Design year: 2020
Year Built: 2021
Client: Sminex
Photography: Anton Donikov
Project Location: Moscow / Russia
Typology: Playgrounds
素材来源：landezine，由园景人转译
注：部分图片来源于landezine，其他来源于网络，图文系园景人（ID：xyzwin）原创整理，欢迎转载，转载请输入“转载”授权，请注明来源！
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