自2022年2月以来,军事第二强国俄罗斯与其邻国乌克兰的战争,已经持续了近一年。

这场战争的性质,是俄罗斯入侵乌克兰,还是乌克兰东部四个地区人民的选择?

各国对此事有不同的看法,联合国大会也针对此事进行了投票,表决显示:

1,包括美国、英国在内的141个国家认为俄罗斯入侵了乌克兰;

2,俄罗斯、白俄罗斯等5国认为这是乌克兰东部四个地区人民的选择;

3,中国、印度等35个国家投了弃权票;

4,其余的12个国家,未在规定时间内按下表决器。

各国对俄罗斯乌克兰战争的看法截然相反,给出的理由分别是什么呢?摘录一些国家代表关于相关议题、在联合国大会上的发言,分享给大家。

申明:下述引用内容及其翻译内容均来自联合国数字图书馆,如有人认为侵权,请联系本账号删除相相关内容。

一,俄罗斯代表的看法

以俄语发言,本篇引用其英译版本如下(想看中文版的可以跳过一段)(会议记录编号:A_ES-11_PV.14):

“The results of the vote speak for themselves. The populations of those regions do not want to return to Ukraine and have made an informed and free choice in favour of our country. The referendums were held in full accordance with the norms and principles of international law, no matter how hard our Western opponents or even the Secretary-General, who suddenly decided to speak for the entire United Nations without a mandate, may try to prove otherwise. More than 100 international observers from Italy, Germany, Venezuela, Latvia and other countries who observed the referendum also recognized its outcome as legitimate”

". Recently, Washington declared its readiness to use force to protect Taiwan, which is an integral part of the People’s Republic of China. It is clear that no sanctity of the principle of territorial integrity exists for the United States and NATO member States. They support it only when it suits their interests."

中译版本如下:

"投票结果不言自明。这些地区的居民不想回到 乌克兰,他们已经作出选择我国的明智和自由的抉 择。全民投票的举行完全符合国际法的准则和原则,无论我们的西方对手,乃至突然决定在没有授权情况下代表整个联合国表态的秘书长,如何极力证明并非如此。来自意大利、德国、委内瑞拉、拉脱维亚和其他国家的100多名国际观察员观察了全民投票,也承认其结果是合法的。"

"最近,华盛顿宣布愿意使用武力保护台湾,而台湾是中华人民 共和国不可分割的一部分。显然,对美国和北约成员国来说,领土完整原则并不神圣不可侵犯。只有当这项原则符合它们的利益时,它们才会支持它。"

二,乌克兰代表的观点

以英语发言,原文如下(想看中文版的可以跳过一段)(会议记录编号:A_ES-11_PV.5)。

“For almost a week Ukraine has been fighting, fighting under the bombs and missiles, fighting in the face of armadas, hardware and countless crowds of enemies. They have ventured onto Ukrainian soil not only to kill some of us, not only to change our course and priorities, but to deprive Ukraine of the very right to exist.”

中译版本如下:

“将近一周来,乌克兰一直在战斗,在炸弹和导弹轰炸下战斗,在庞大舰队、硬件装备和无数敌人面前战斗。这些敌人冒险进入乌克兰领土,不仅是为了 杀害我们当中的一些人,不仅是为了改变我们的路线和优先事项,而是为了剥夺乌克兰的生存权。”

三,美国代表的看法

以英语发言,原文如下(想看中文版的可以跳过一段)(会议记录编号:A_ES-11_PV.14)。

“The facts are clear. A United Nations Member State — one with a permanent seat on the Security Council — has attempted to annex territory from its neighbour by force. That United Nations Member State has not only put its neighbour in its crosshairs but has also put a bullseye on this institution’s core principle that one country cannot take the territory of another by force.”

“As in 2014, Russia is testing the resolve of the world to stand up for the core principles of international law. How else do we explain the flagrant disregard of the values of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and peace and security? How else do we explain the horrific attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure that we have seen this week? How else do we explain the sabre-rattling from Putin and his veiled threats to deploy nuclear force? Those are threats against this institution. They are threats against all of us.”

中译版本如下:

“事实很清楚。一个联合国会员国——一个在安全理事会拥有常任理事国席位的会员国——企图以武力吞并其邻国的领土。这个联合国会员国不仅攻击其邻国,而且还危及本机构的核心原则,即一个国家不得以武力夺取另一个国家的领土。”

"与2014年情况一样,俄罗斯正在考验世人奋起捍卫国际法核心原则的决心。如果不是这样,我们又如何解释公然蔑视主权、领土完整以及和平与安全等价值观的行为呢?如果不是这样,我们又如何解释本周我们看到的针对平民和民用基础设施的可怕袭击呢?如果不是这样,我们又如何解释普京炫耀武力并含蓄地威胁动用核力量的言论呢?这些威胁是针对本机构的。这些威胁是针对我们所有人的。"

四,中国代表的观点

用中文发言,无需翻译,如下(A_ES-11_PV.5):

“联合国和有关各方采取的任何行动都要以地区和平稳定为重,以各方普遍安全为重,为紧张局势降温、推动外交解决起到正面作用。遗憾的是,刚才提交本次紧急特别联大表决的这项决议草案事先没有在全体会员国范围内进行充分协商,没有全面考虑当前危机背后的历史经纬和复杂矛盾,没有强调安全不可分割原则的重要性,也没有突出推动政治解决、加大外交努力的紧迫性。这些都与中方一贯坚持的立场主张不符,我们不得不对决议草案投了弃权票。”

作为旁观者,你更认可哪个国家的看法?

附件是2022年3月2日各国的表决情况,供大家参考。

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