利用TRMM资料分析广西台风降水的分布特征
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作者：孙崇智1 覃皓2
单位：1. 广西壮族自治区气象服务中心, 广西 南宁 530022;
2. 广西壮族自治区气象台, 广西 南宁 530022
分类号：P444
出版年·卷·期（页码）：2022·39·第四期（47-58）
摘要：利用1998—2019年TRMM卫星估测的降水数据和台风最佳路径资料，将影响广西的台风按照路径和强度进行分类，结合傅里叶分解法，研究分析不同类型台风降水的分布特征。结果表明：1998—2019年间影响广西的台风以西路型和中路型居多，台风最大强度以热带风暴和强热带风暴级居多。除了偏南型路径的最大降水位于台风中心东北侧外，其余路径下最大降水均位于台风中心的西南侧，随着台风路径从西路型到东路型转变，最大降水落区呈现出气旋性旋转特征。降水强度方面，偏南型的降水率极值最大，中路型最小。不同台风强度中，降水率极值表现为强台风/超强台风级最大，热带低压级最小。不同路径下台风的轴对称降水特征存在明显差异，随着台风强度的增强，轴对称降水极大值表现出增大的特征。
关键词：台风降水；TRMM资料；台风路径；分布特征
Abstract：Using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite estimated rainfall data and the typhoon best track data from 1998 to 2019, the typhoons affecting Guangxi are classified according to their paths and intensities, and the distribution characteristics of different types of typhoon rainfall are studied based on the Fourier decomposition method. The results show that: most of the typhoons affecting Guangxi are west-path and mid-path type, and most of the typhoons maximum intensity are at the levels of tropical storm and severe tropical storm from 1998 to 2019. The maximum rainfall of south-path type typhoons is in the northeast side of the typhoon center, while it is in the southwest side for the other path types. Moreover, the location of the maximum rainfall rotates cyclonically with the change of typhoon path from west to east type. In terms of rainfall intensity, the extreme value of rainfall rate of the south-path type is the largest, while that of the mid-path type is the smallest. In different intensity classifications, the severe typhoon/super typhoon level has the largest rainfall rate and the tropical depression level has the smallest. There were obvious differences in the characteristics of typhoon axisymmetric rainfall under different path types, and the maximum of axisymmetric rainfall increases with the enhancement of typhoon maximum intensity.
Key words：typhoon rainfall; the data of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission; typhoon path; distribution
characteristic
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