猴痘疫情预警！世卫：大型聚会有感染风险比利时：患者自我隔离21天英国：密接者隔离三周

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"text":"据央视新闻报道，当地时间21日，世卫组织表示目前全球已有12个国家和地区累计报告92例猴痘确诊病例和28例疑似病例，并称猴痘病毒已发生人际传播。据悉，猴痘病毒的人际传播并不常见。人际传播途径包括密切接触感染者的呼吸道分泌物、皮肤损伤部位或被污染物品等，通常需要更长时间面对面才能发生呼吸道飞沫传播。此外，猴痘病毒还可经由母婴传播和性传播。","range":
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"text":"据报道，自英国5月7日确诊一例猴痘病例至今，包括英国、西班牙、葡萄牙、荷兰、瑞士、德国、意大利、美国、加拿大、比利时等在内的多国相继报告猴痘病例。据红星新闻此前报道，西非和中非每年都会报告数千例地方性猴痘病例，但猴痘在西非和中非意外的地区传播却十分罕见。世卫组织消息称，世卫组织目前正与相关国家合作，扩大病毒监测范围。预计随着病毒监测范围的扩大，未来会报告更多的猴痘确诊病例。世卫组织称，多个“非流行国家”出现与疾病流行区没有直接旅行联系的猴痘病例，属于“非典型症状”，正在对确诊病例进行流行病学调查。英国卫生安全局首席医疗顾问苏珊在接受采访时表示，目前英国每天都会发现与任何西非旅行史均无关联的猴痘病毒感染者。苏珊说：“我们每天都在检测更多的病例，该病毒","range":
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"text":"（猴痘）正在进行社区传播。”","range":
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"text":"主要易感人群有哪些？","range":
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"text":"据悉，猴痘有两种毒株。其中，刚果毒株致死率达10%，而西非毒株致死率约为1%。世卫组织消息称，到目前为止，欧洲发现的所有病例都来自西非毒株。来自葡萄牙确诊病例的拭子样本基因组序列表明，导致本次疫情的猴痘病毒与2018年和2019年从尼日利亚输出到英国、以色列和新加坡的病例密切匹配。","range":
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"text":"据介绍，猴痘的潜伏期通常为6至16天，但可为5至21天。症状包括发热、剧烈头痛、淋巴结病（淋巴结肿大）、背痛、肌痛（肌肉疼痛）、重度疲乏无力（精神不振），以及不同阶段的皮疹，经常从面部开始，然后扩散到身体的其他部位。","range":
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"text":"根据世卫组织最新的定义，在猴痘“非流行国家”出现不明原因急性皮疹、自2022年3月15日以来出现不明原因发热等相关感染猴痘症状、在出现症状前21天内与确诊患者有流行病学联系（包括","range":
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"text":"面对面接触、直接身体接触等）、出现症状前21天有前往猴痘流行地区旅居史、出现症状前21天有多位或匿名性伴侣、在没有接种天花疫苗的情况下，正痘病毒血清化验结果呈阳性的人群都属于疑似病例。","range":
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"text":"据世卫组织报告显示，目前来看，本轮猴痘疫情中，许多感染者是男男性行为者。英国卫生安全局也强调称，最近出现的病例主要是男性。世卫组织建议，由于猴痘主要通过密切接触传播，因此相关措施应侧重于被感染者的密切接触者，包括但不仅限于卫生工作者、感染者的家庭成员和性伴侣。","range":
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"text":"此外，参加大型集会也存在一定的感染风险。世卫组织称，由于大型集会中，人与人之间可能产生长时间的密切互动，从而导致与会者","range":
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"text":"可能会加速猴痘病毒的传播。世卫组织还警告称，因某种传染病而污名化感染群体是绝不可接受的。一旦污名化感染群体，可能让被感染者排斥甚至拒绝接受治疗，或导致病毒更广泛地传播。","range":
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"text":"西班牙、韩国、英国、美国将向“高危人群”提供疫苗","range":
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"text":"据世卫组织资料显示，目前没有专门的猴痘疫苗，不过数据显示，天花疫苗对猴痘病毒的有效性高达85%。","range":
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"text":"英国卫生安全局发言人也称，目前暂没有专门针对猴痘的疫苗，但天花疫苗确实能有一定的防护作用。","range":
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"text":"据报道，西班牙卫生部正准备购买数千只疫苗，西班牙政府还考虑购置其他抗病毒药物来治疗感染患者。西班牙卫生部长达莉亚斯表示，目前正在研究不同方案的有效性和可行性。","range":
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"text":"据悉，西班牙卫生部准备购买的疫苗来自丹麦疫苗公司巴伐利亚北欧（Bavarian Nordik）生产的Imvanex，欧洲药品管理局在2013年授权使用该疫苗对抗传统天花疾病。据介绍，该款疫苗含有安卡拉牛痘的改良型病毒，","range":
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"text":"另据报道，欧盟传染病机构将建议欧盟成员国制定猴痘疫苗注射计划，应对不断上升的猴痘病例。另据报道，韩国疾病管理厅22日表示，目前在韩国还未发现猴痘病毒感染者，但已建立针对该病毒的检查体系。韩国疾病管理厅称，目前已储备3500万人份的天花疫苗，但仍需研究专家意见，再决定是否给民众使用，“将根据今后的情况变化，确定猴痘的传染病管理等级。”","range":
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"text":"据央视新闻报道，当地时间21日，世卫组织表示目前全球已有12个国家和地区累计报告92例猴痘确诊病例和28例疑似病例，并称猴痘病毒已发生人际传播。据悉，猴痘病毒的人际传播并不常见。人际传播途径包括密切接触感染者的呼吸道分泌物、皮肤损伤部位或被污染物品等，通常需要更长时间面对面才能发生呼吸道飞沫传播。此外，猴痘病毒还可经由母婴传播和性传播。","range":
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