本试卷共10页，共100分，考试时长80分钟，考生务必将答案打在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
每日听力VOA慢速 1
Volvo Will Make Electric Vehicles Only by 2030
By Dan Friedell 03 March 2021
The Swedish carmaker Volvo announced this week that it will only make electric vehicles by 2030.
Volvo is the second large car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines. In January, American carmaker General Motors said it would only make battery-powered vehicles by 2035.
Henrik Green is Volvo's chief technology officer. He said: "there is no long-term future" for cars with traditional engines.
If you want to buy one of these Volvos in about nine years, you will have to make your order online.
You will still be able to look at cars at a Volvo store, however. The current Volvo stores, which are known as dealerships, will remain in place so customers can look at cars and have them repaired.
In making the announcement, Volvo said it also plans to show a new electric vehicle. The automobile company said it hopes that within four years, half of its sales around the world will come from electric vehicles. The other half will come from cars known as hybrids. Hybrid cars use a combination of batteries and traditional engines to move the vehicle.
Green said the move to electric vehicles will help Volvo "meet the expectations of our customers and be part of the solution when it comes to fighting climate change."
As technology improves and governments try to reduce pollution, more carmakers like Volvo are increasing production of electric vehicles.
However, Americans continue to buy more vehicles powered by traditional engines. Only about two percent of the cars sold last year in the U.S. were electric.
Around the world, about 2-and-a-half million electric vehicles were sold last year and industry analysts expect that to increase by 70 percent in 2021.
Volvo sold about 660,000 cars worldwide last year. One-sixth of the company's sales came in the U.S.
Volvo is known as a Swedish car maker, but it has been owned by a Chinese company since 2010.
I'm Dan Friedell.
文章大意：
沃尔沃宣布到2030年只生产电动汽车
瑞典汽车制造商沃尔沃公司本周宣布，到2030年将只生产电动汽车。沃尔沃是第二家宣称将停止生产传统内燃机的大型汽车公司。今年1月，美国通用汽车宣称到2035年将只生产电池驱动的汽车。亨利克·格林是沃尔沃公司的首席技术官。他说，使用传统发动机的汽车不具备长远未来。
如果你想要在大约9年后购买一辆沃尔沃汽车，则必须在网上订购。但是你仍然可以在沃尔沃店内看车。目前的沃尔沃经销店将原址保留，以便客户看车和修车。沃尔沃在宣布该消息时表示，该公司还计划展出一款新型电动汽车。这家汽车公司表示，希望在4年之内，其全球销量的一半将来自于电动汽车。另一半来自于所谓的混合动力汽车。混合动力汽车采用电池和传统发动机组合来驱动车辆。格林表示，转向电动汽车将帮助沃尔沃“满足客户的期望，并成为应对气候变化解决方案的一部分。”随着技术进步和政府努力减少污染，越来越多像沃尔沃这样的汽车制造商开始提高电动汽车的产量。然而，美国人继续购买更多由传统发动机驱动的汽车。美国去年销售的汽车中只有2%是电动汽车。去年全球售出了大约250万辆电动汽车，行业分析师预计到2021年，这一数字将会增长70%。沃尔沃去年在全球范围内售出了66万辆汽车。公司1/6的销售额来自于美国。沃尔沃被称为瑞典汽车制造商，但是自2010年以来一直由一家中国公司拥有。 我是丹·弗雷德尔。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；用小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题纸相应位置。
A
In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans ___1___ (make) videos, which he then joined together into one performance. His first virtual choir, “Lux Aurumque”, had 185 singers ___2___ 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then, the virtual choir ___3___ (become) a worldwide phenomenon.
【答案】1. to make 2. from 3. has become
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Whitacre的网络虚拟合唱团是如何诞生，并风行世界的。
【1题详解】考查动词短语搭配。句意：他获得了一个灵感：让他的粉丝们制作视频，然后他把这些视频组合成一场表演。ask sb to do sth，请某人做某事。故填to。
【2题详解】考查介词的用法。句意：他的第一个虚拟合唱，“Lux Aurumque”，参加的有来自12个不同国家的185名歌手。from后跟地点，表示“来自”。故填from。
【3题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：从那时起，虚拟合唱团成为了一个世界级的现象。由时间状语since then可知，这里应该用现在完成时态。become是连系动词，没有被动语态；the virtual choir是单数。故填 has become。
【刘凯老师点睛】注意有些时间状语是现在完成时态的标志性。如本题的第三小题，时间状语since then表示过去的经历或体验仍对现在有影响，故該句用现在完成时态，填has become。类似标志主句用现在完成时态的时间状语还有：so far、up to now、since two years ago、for a long time、in/during the past/last few years等。
B
When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance. The arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, ___4___ not important. Too often it ___5___ (view) as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority. This view is short-sighted. In fact, music education is ___6___ (benefit) and important for all students. Science and technology do not tell us ___7___ it means to be human. The arts do.
【答案】4. but 5. is viewed 6. beneficial 7. what
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作者认为艺术教育尤其是音乐教育是相当重要和必须的，艺术尤其是音乐是人类表达情感的重要方式，人们应加强认识。
【4题详解】考查连词。句意：人们似乎会说，音乐是美好的，但并不重要。根据Music is nice和not important可知此处表示转折关系，因此要用转折连词but。故填but。
【5题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它往往被视为纯粹的娱乐活动，但肯定不是教育的重点。由上文可知时态是一般现在时，根据主语为it，与view之间的被动关系，可知此处要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is viewed。
【6题详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，音乐教育对所有学生都是有益和重要的。根据系动词is可知此处要用形容词，作表语。故填beneficial。
【7题详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：科学和技术并没有告诉我们成为人类意味着什么。分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，做tell的宾语；分析宾语从句可知，此处要用引导词what，做means的宾语。故填what。
C
Two way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the ___8___ (condition) that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when were unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening ___9___ you are relaxed. Sleepy people’s lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time to tune into your wandering mind, you’re missing out on the ____10____ (surprise) solutions it may offer.
【答案】8. conditions 9. when 10. surprising
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们大多数人度过上午的两种方式不利于促进灵活、开放的思维。注意力不集中时最有可能产生富有想象力的想法。
【8题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：我们大多数人度过上午的两种方式不利于促进灵活、开放思维的条件。根据定语从句that promote flexible, open-minded thinking可知此处先行词要用名词的复数形式作介词to的宾语。故填conditions。
【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你是那种精力充沛的早起者，那么傍晚放松的时候是你最有创造力的时候。early evening为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语从句。关系副词为when。故填when。
【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果不给自己时间去调整自己的思绪，你就会错过它可能提供的令人惊讶的解决方案。根据名词solutions可知此处要用v-ing形式的形容词，作定语。故填surprising。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文。掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I knew I shouldn’t be drawing in maths class, but just couldn’t ____11____. Mr. Galvin had such a funny look as he looked over his glasses at Jamie’s unsuccessful ____12____ to solve the problem on the board. Maybe I ____13____ call this splendid work of art “Galvin-eyes” or something ____14____ disrespectful.
I suddenly realized Mr. Galvin was calling my name, “Peter, what is your—____15____ this problem? “Oh no, Mr. Galvin was ____16____ in my direction! In desperation, I tried to ____17____ my book to cover the drawing, but it was too late. “Peter, have you completed problem number seven?”
Even though I hadn’t even started the problem, I replied in my most ____18____ tone, “Not quite, sir.” When he stopped at the front of the row, it boosted my ____19____. “I’ll have it done in just a couple of minutes.” Why did I always have to open my big mouth, ____20____ leaving well-enough alone? Now he was coming directly toward my desk.
Mr. Galvin, in a tone of ____21____, suggested, “Why don’t you come to the board and show us how ____22____ you’ve gotten, and perhaps your classmates can ____23____ you complete the problem?”
As I searched for an answer, Mr. Galvin reached my desk. He lifted my book with the ____24____ of finding a partially solved maths problem. Instead, he found a ____25____ of himself, glasses and all, looking at Jamie with a questioning look on his face. At least I hadn’t had ____26____ to write “Galvin-eyes” or something else underneath it!
“Peter,” asked Mr, Galvin, “just what do you expect to ____27____ of yourself with this kind of behaviour?” Without thinking how it might be ____28____, I replied, “A cartoonist.”
Wrong answer! The class gave a(n) ____29____ round of applause. But, actually, I hadn’t meant to weaken his authority with the class.
I had plenty of opportunity to think of other ____30____ while waiting in Mr. Galvin’s office after school. But to my surprise, he said softly to me, “To be a cartoonist is cool. But that doesn’t mean you have to give up on maths, right?” “With a smile, he continued, “Well I had to admit this comic image of me is kind of cute, funny though. Keep trying, boy. And who says you can’t be the next Stan Lee?”
11. A. avoidB. remain
C. resistD. doubt
12. A. campaignB. trick
C. fightD. attempt
13. A. needB. could
C. mustD. dare
14. A. equallyB. frequently
C. purelyD. normally
15. A. imaginationB. solution
C. evaluationD. description
16. A. lookingB. shouting
C. pointingD. walking
17. A. holdB. adjust
C. balanceD. replace
18. A. dramaticB. reasonable
C. respectfulD. friendly
19. A. confidenceB. honesty
C. prideD. strength
20. A. regardless ofB. in spite of
C. in terms ofD. instead of
21. A. disappointmentB. understanding
C. distrustD. shock
22. A. farB. many
C. soonD. long
23. A. feelB. help
C. haveD. let
24. A. considerationB. assumption
C. expectationD. impression
25. A. drawingB. photo
C. storyD. report
26. A. moodB. space
C. courageD. time
27. A. driveB. set
C. showD. make
28. A. takenB. put
C. playedD. settled
29. A. politeB. nice
C. appreciativeD. average
30. A. instructionsB. replies
C. suggestionsD. methods
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在数学课上画画，当被加尔文先生问到第七道数学题的解答方法时却谎称快做好了，后来被加尔文先生发现了。放学后，在办公室里，加尔文先生没有责怪他，并鼓励他画画的同时要学好数学。
【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不应该在数学课上画画，但就是忍不住。A. avoid避免；B. remain保持；C. resist抵抗，忍住；D. doubt怀疑。根据“I knew I shouldn’t be drawing in maths class”可知此处表示忍不住在数学课上画画。故选C。
【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当加尔文先生透过眼镜看着杰米没能成功尝试解决黑板上的问题时，他的表情很滑稽。A. campaign运动，活动；B. trick恶作剧，窍门；C. fight打架，斗争；D. attempt试图，企图。根据“to solve the problem on the board”可知此处表示杰米尝试解决黑板上的问题，但没有成功。故选D。
【13题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：也许我可以把这个伟大的艺术作品叫做“加尔文之眼”或者其他同样无礼的名字。A. need需要；B. could可以，能够；C. must必须；D. dare敢。根据“call this splendid work of art “Galvin-eyes” ”可知此处表示可以把这个伟大的艺术作品叫做“加尔文之眼”。故选B。
【14题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许我可以把这个伟大的艺术作品叫做“加尔文之眼”或者其他同样无礼的名字。A. equally同样地，平等地；B. frequently经常地，频繁地；C. purely仅仅，只不过；D. normally正常地，通常地。根据“disrespectful”可知此处表示其他同样无礼的名字。故选A。
【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到加尔文先生正叫着我的名字，“彼得，你对这个问题的解决方案是什么?”A. imagination想象；B. solution解决方案；C. evaluation评价；D. description描述，描写。根据上文“ to solve the problem on the board”可知此处表示是对这个问题的解决方案。故选B。
【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哦，不，加尔文先生朝我这边看了!A. looking看着；B. shouting叫喊；C. pointing指向，表明；D. walking行走。根据上文“I suddenly realized Mr. Galvin was calling my name”可知此处表示加尔文先生会朝我这边看。故选A。
【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在绝望中，我试图用我的书盖住这幅画，但已经太晚了。A. hold持有,拿；B. adjust调整；C. balance使平衡；D. replace取代，代替。根据“my book to cover the drawing”可知此处表示拿我的书盖住这幅画。故选A。
【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我还没开始做这个问题，我还是用我最恭敬的语气回答道：“没完全做完，先生。” A. dramatic巨大的，急剧的；B. reasonable合理的；C. respectful有礼貌的，恭敬的；D. friendly友好的。根据““Not quite, sir.” ”可知此处表示用最恭敬的语气回答。故选C。
【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他停在前排的时候，我的勇气增强了。A. confidence自信；B. honesty诚实；C. pride自豪的；D. strength勇气，力量，力气。根据下文““I’ll have it done in just a couple of minutes.” ”可知此处表示我继续说谎的勇气增强了。故选D。
【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为什么我总是要说大话，而不是顺其自然？A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. in spite of尽管，不顾；C. in terms of按照，依据；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据“open my big mouth”和“leaving well-enough alone”前后对比，可知此处表示转折。故选D。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：加尔文先生以一种理解的语气建议说：“你为什么不到黑板来，告诉我们你已经做了多少，也许你的同学可以帮助你完成这个问题?”A. disappointment失望，沮丧；B. understanding明白，理解；C. distrust不信任，怀疑；D. shock震惊。根据“suggested”可知此处指加尔文先生表示理解。故选B。
【22题详解】考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：加尔文先生以一种理解的语气建议说：“你为什么不到黑板来，告诉我们你已经做了多少，也许你的同学可以帮助你完成这个问题?”A. far程度深地；B. many许多的；C. soon快；D. long长期地。根据“you’ve gotten”可知此处表示已经做了多少，即题解到哪种程度了。故选A。
【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：加尔文先生以一种理解的语气建议说：“你为什么不到黑板来，告诉我们你已经做了多少，也许你的同学可以帮助你完成这个问题?”A. feel感觉；B. help帮助，促进；C. have让，拿；D. let允许，出租。根据“complete the problem”可知此处表示同学可以帮助。故选B。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿起我的书，期望找到一道解了大部分的数学题。A. consideration考虑，关心；B. assumption设想；C. expectation期待，期望；D. impression印象，效果。根据上文的““I’ll have it done in just a couple of minutes.””和“of finding a partially solved maths problem”可知此处表示他期望找到一道解了大部分的数学题。故选C。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他找到了一幅自己的画像，上面戴着眼镜，带着疑问的表情看着杰米。A. drawing素描，图画；B. photo照片；C. story故事；D. report报告。根据上文“my book to cover the drawing”可知此处表示他找到的是一幅自己的画像。故选A。
【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：至少我没有时间在下面写“加尔文之眼”或者其他什么东西!A. mood情绪，语气；B. space空间，太空；C. courage勇气；D. time时间。根据上文“but it was too late”可知此处表示时间不够，所以没来得及在下面写“加尔文之眼”或者其他什么东西。故选D。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“彼得，”加尔文先生问道，“你这样做是想让自己成为什么?”A. drive开车；B. set放，创立，分配；C. show显示，说明；D. make获得，使得，成为。根据下文“ I replied, “A cartoonist.””可知此处表示加尔文先生问道这样做是想问作者我自己成为什么。故选D。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也没想应该怎么回答，就回答说：“一个漫画家。”A. taken拿，带；B. put放；C. played打，玩；D. settled解决，定居。根据“Without thinking”可知此处表示没想应该怎么解决，即回答老师的这个问题。故选D。
【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班同学报以一阵赞赏的掌声。A. polite有礼貌的；B. nice好的；C. appreciative感激的，赏识的；D. average平均的，普通的。根据“Wrong answer!”和“I hadn’t meant to weaken his authority with the class”可知此处表示全班同学报以一阵赞赏的掌声来揶揄我。故选C。
【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放学后，在加尔文先生的办公室里等着的时候，我有很多机会去想其他的回答。A. instructions说明，指令；B. replies回复，回答；C. suggestions建议；D. methods方法。根据“while waiting in Mr. Galvin’s office after school”可知此处表示我有很多机会去想其他的答复。故选B。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Record collector
★ Bookazine series★
Pink Floyd---Shooting For The Moon
It records the development of this globally loved band, from their beginnings back in 1967 to their lasting position half a century later, by the way of archive (档案,史料).
The rolling Stones: Making The Legend
This special magazine focusing on the archives tells the est story of the rise of The rolling Stones. It’s a must-have for fans of the worlds greatest rock’n’roll band—and for anyone who wants to became what it is today, this is the bookazine for you.
The Beatles—Vol 1 Evolution (1940--64)
This is the first in die set of three-Its 116 pages cover every single, album and ep from 1962 to 1964, all newly reviewed by top experts, forming a UK Beatles discography (录音作品名录) with comments: a must-have for fans and collectors.
The Beatles—Vol 2: Revolution (1965-67)
It is the second in the set Covering their creative glory years in the mid-60s, up to the recording of their masterpiece, Sgt Pepper’s, it presents interviews with their great producer George Martin, Pattie Boyd and Beatles insider Tony Bramwell. 116 pages of quality reading.
The Beatles—Vol 3: Ascension (1968-2019)
It is the third in the series, covering their final years together, from the story of the White Album to the success of Abbey Road. There is analysis of what finally broke up the band.
◆ Buy a package of any 3 for just ￡18.00 UK
(￡28.50 EU, ￡34.50 rest of world) postage packing included
◆ Available to buy separately at ￡6.99 UK, ￡10.49 EU&￡12.49 rest of world postage packing included
◆ For a mixed package please call us on 020 8752 8193 NOW!
31. If a reader is interested in the development of rock’n’roll, he will choose ________.
A. Pink Floyd—Shooting For The Moon
B. The Rolling Stones: Making The Legend
C. The Beatles—Vol 2: Revolution (965—7)
D. The Beatles—Vol 3: Ascension (1968—2019)
32. What makes The Beatles—Vol 2 special in the set?
A. It includes interviews.
B. It accesses the archives.
C. It has a total of 116 pages.
D. It tells why the band broke up.
33. How much should he pay if a reader in China wants to buy the Beatles package?
A. ￡37.47.
B. ￡31.47.
C. ￡34.50.
D. ￡28.50
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些书本记录收藏集系列的相关信息。
【31题详解】细节理解题。根据The rolling Stones: Making The Legend中“It’s a must-have for fans of the worlds greatest rock’n’roll band—and for anyone who wants to became what it is today, this is the bookazine for you.（对于世界上最伟大的摇滚乐队的粉丝来说，这本书是必不可少的，对于任何想成为它今天这样的人来说，这本书就是适合你的。）”可知，如果读者对摇滚乐的发展感兴趣，他会选择The rolling Stones: Making The Legend。故选B项。
【32题详解】细节理解题。根据The Beatles—Vol 2: Revolution (1965-67)中“it presents interviews with their great producer George Martin, Pattie Boyd and Beatles insider Tony Bramwell（它介绍了他们伟大的制作人乔治·马丁，帕蒂·博伊德和披头士内部人士托尼·布拉姆韦尔的访谈）”可知，甲壳虫乐队第二卷的特别之处在于它包括访谈。故选A项。
【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“ Buy a package of any 3 for just ￡18.00 UK(￡28.50 EU, ￡34.50 rest of world) postage packing included（买任意3本的一个套餐，英国只要￡18.00 (欧盟要￡28.50，世界其它地区要￡34.50) 包括邮资包装费）”可知，如果一个中国读者想买甲壳虫乐队套餐，他应该付￡34.50。故选C项。
B
Terasa Hill did not intend to do something unplanned. It began when Terasa, who had grown up around horses, was observing a horse auction (拍卖). A chestnut: racehorse was for sale? The horse had an injured leg, but that didn’t matter “She was the most beautiful thing I’d ever seen,” said Terasa.
When the bidding started, Terasa surprised herself by stepping in. There was no way she was going to allow that horse to have an uncertain future. At MYM450, the bidding stopped! Terasa became the new owner of Sierra, a nervous racehorse with an unfortunate past.
Sierra, limping (病) and hurt with pain from a broken knee, became a labour of love for Terasa. After three long months of nursing her under the guidance of a local animal doctor, the leg recovered and Terasa’s most impressive game began.
It wasn’t only Sierra’s leg that needed to recover; Sierra needed to relearn how to trust people. Terasa thought the best way to win Sierra’s trust and fondness was to feed her treats. Terasa provided Sierra with many treats, but none passed the sniff (嗅) test—Sierra turned up her nose at all of them. Desperate, Terasa experimented by making her own mixture of molasses and grains, which she baked in her own kitchen. The cookies were a hit with Sierra and other horses, sending Terasa’s life in a new direction.
Terasa look her treats, called “Barnies,” to a local store. They sold like hotcakes, and within months local businessmen began demanding for more. Terasa’s kitchen was no longer big enough for the increased demand, which forced her to move her operation to an Oshawa company.
Then a serious health problem threatened to derail her plans. Terasa called upon the same determination that had helped her save Sierra to help her overcome her own illness. Family and friends came to her rescue and kept Barnies Ltd. going. Almost a year later, healthy and more resolute than ever, Terasa found a national distributor and Bainies began selling in 144 stores across Canada.
And what about Sierra, the inspiration for all this success and change? The horse has fully recovered and has become a wonderful riding horse.
34. Why did Terase try making her own cookies?
A. To be able to work from home.
B. To set up a business of her own.
C. To provide a healthy diet for Sierra.
D. To find a way to bond with the horse.
35. What dues the underlined word “derail” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A. Reject. B. Develop.
C. Launch. D. Ruin.
36. Which of the following words can best describe Terasa?
A. Determined and caring.
B. Capable and courageous.
C. Ambitious and out-going.
D. Strong-willed and humor.
37. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. A Remarkable recovery
B. Love me, Love my horse
C. A Labour of Love Inspires a Career
D. Animal Lover Lifts Limping Horse’s Spirits
【答案】34. D 35. D 36. A 37. C
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Terasa Hill对一匹名叫Sierra的受伤赛马付出了爱的劳动，这份劳动使得Terasa建立起了一个曲奇饼干公司。
【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Terasa thought the best way to win Sierra’s trust and fondness was to feed her treats. Terasa provided Sierra with many treats, but none passed the sniff (嗅) test—Sierra turned up her nose at all of them. Desperate, Terasa experimented by making her own mixture of molasses and grains, which she baked in her own kitchen. The cookies were a hit with Sierra and other horses, sending Terasa’s life in a new direction.（Terasa认为赢得Sierra的信任和喜爱的最好方法就是给它喂食。Terasa给塞拉提供了很多零食，但是没有一个能通过嗅嗅测试。Sierra对所有的零食都嗤之以鼻。绝望之下，Terasa尝试在自己的厨房里烤出糖浆和谷物的混合物。这些饼干受到了Sierra和其他马的欢迎，让Terasa的生活有了新的方向。）”可知，Terase尝试自己做饼干是想找到与赛马Sierra建立联系的办法。故选D项。
【35题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第三段中“Terasa’s kitchen was no longer big enough for the increased demand, which forced her to move her operation to an Oshawa company.（Terasa的厨房已经不能满足日益增长的需求，这迫使她把她的业务转移到奥沙瓦的一家公司。）”以及倒数第二段中“Then a serious health problem threatened to derail her plans.（然后，一个严重的健康问题威胁到_________她的计划。）”由Terasa把业务转移到奥沙瓦的一家公司，但是她出现了严重的健康问题，可知，这会毁坏她的计划，因此，划线词derail意为“毁坏，奔溃”。故选D项。
【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“It wasn’t only Sierra’s leg that needed to recover; Sierra needed to relearn how to trust people. Terasa thought the best way to win Sierra’s trust and fondness was to feed her treats.（需要康复的不仅仅是Sierra的腿；Sierra需要重新学习如何信任别人。Terasa认为赢得Sierra的信任和喜爱的最好方法就是给它喂食。）”可知，Terasa是有同情心的；以及倒数第二段中“Almost a year later, healthy and more resolute than ever, Terasa found a national distributor and Bainies began selling in 144 stores across Canada.（大约一年后，Terasa比以往任何时候都更健康、更坚定，她找到了一个全国分销商，Bainies开始在加拿大各地的144家门店销售。）”可知她是有决心的人。因此，Terasa既有决心又是有同情心的。故选A项。
【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Sierra, limping (病) and hurt with pain from a broken knee, became a labour of love for Terasa. （膝盖受伤疼痛和难忍的Sierra爱上了Terasa。）”；以及倒数第二段中“Family and friends came to her rescue and kept Barnies Ltd. going. Almost a year later, healthy and more resolute than ever, Terasa found a national distributor and Bainies began selling in 144 stores across Canada.（她的家人和朋友来拯救她，让巴尼有限公司继续经营下去。大约一年后，Terasa比以往任何时候都更健康、更坚定，并找到了一个全国分销商，Bainies开始在加拿大各地的144家门店销售。）”可知，本文主要讲述了Terasa Hill对一匹名叫Sierra的受伤赛马付出了爱的劳动，这份劳动使得Terasa建立起了一个曲奇饼干公司，因此本文的最佳标题选项C“爱的劳动激发了一份事业”符合题意。故选C项。
C
Across the globe only 10 percent of the population are left-handed—and it has been that way for thousands of years. But when you look into the sports world, lefties exist in large numbers. Why? The answer lies in the relative balance between cooperation and competition in human society, says a new study published in Britain’s The Journal of the Royal Society Interface.
The study by professor Daniel Abrams and Mark Panaggio of applied science points out that for society to function efficiently—hand in hand—cooperation is key. And cooperation favors same-handedness—so we can share tools, for example, and more easily teach each other skills.
On the other hand, competition favors the element of surprise. And this is why “left-handers have the advantage in any sport where there’s direct physical contest,” Abrams said. “They have the surprise advantage in that they practice more against the right-handers, but the right-handers don’t practice much against them. “It’s also the reason lefties haven’t been wiped out,” evolutionarily speaking. “Left-handed people have always had this built-in advantage for this kind of competition,” Abrams said. Thus, so long as there’s competition in society, lefties will survive.
Adams and Panaggio created a computer model that correctly predicted the percentage of left-handed athletes in several sports. About half of major league baseball players and pro boxers are left-handers, while among PGa golfers the number of lefties is a mere 4 percent.
“Golf is one of our go-to examples for the cooperative effect,” Abram said. “Left-handers seem to be selected against in golf, and the reason for that is that golf has a cooperative aspect to it. Especially when people first begin playing golf they tend to borrow or rent clubs, and left-handed clubs are harder to find and they’re more expensive. So there’s a cooperative advantage in that people can share clubs when they’re all of the same handedness.”
But it’s not just golf that can be challenging. Living as a left-handed minority in a world designed for the right-handed majority can be really dangerous. “Evidence from outside the sports world is that left-handers are more likely to be involved in accidents in various ways,” Abrams said.
So when picking players for the office softball team, you want to choose as many lefties as you can to maximize your chance of winning—but don’t be surprised when they show up to the game injured.
38. There are more right-handers in the society because ________.
A. they can work together better
B. people prefer to use right hands
C. lefties are unwilling to cooperate
D. it has been the case for a long time
39. In what sports are lefties favoured?
A. Sports that surprise audience.
B. Sports that value individual practice.
C. Sports that require professional skills.
D. Sports that involve physical competition.
40. Why are only 4% golfers left handers?
A. Because golf has a high entry barrier.
B. Because left handers get injured easily
C. Because golf Lakes up much lime and energy.
D. Because left handers find it hard to win in golf.
41. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. compare and educateB. explain and inform
C. discuss and persuadeD. examine and assess
【答案】38. A 39. D 40. A 41. B
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项最新关于惯用手的研究。生活中大部分人是右利手，而在体育界左撇子的数量非常多，一项发表在英国《皇家学会界面杂志》上的新研究表明，答案在于人类社会合作与竞争之间的相对平衡。
【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“The study by professor Daniel Abrams and Mark Panaggio of applied science points out that for society to function efficiently—hand in hand—cooperation is key. And cooperation favors same-handedness—so we can share tools, for example, and more easily teach each other skills.(这项由应用科学的Daniel Abrams教授和Mark Panaggio教授进行的研究指出，要想让社会有效运转——手拉手——合作是关键。而且合作更青睐于惯用手——例如，我们可以共享工具，也更容易互相传授技能。)”可知，要使社会有效运转，携手合作是关键，而合作更倾向于选择有一样利手的人，这样人们可以分享工具，更容易地传授技能，由此可知，从社会角度来说，大部分人是右利手是因为他们可以更好地合作。故选A项。
【39题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“On the other hand, competition favors the element of surprise. And this is why “left-handers have the advantage in any sport where there’s direct physical contest,” Abrams said.(另一方面，竞争倾向于出人意料的元素。这就是为什么“左撇子在任何有直接身体对抗的运动中都有优势，”艾布拉姆斯说。)”可知，左利手（左撇子）在任何有直接身体对抗的运动中占优势。故选D项。
【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Especially when people first begin playing golf they tend to borrow or rent clubs, and left-handed clubs are harder to find and they’re more expensive. So there’s a cooperative advantage in that people can share clubs when they’re all of the same handedness.”可知，尤其是当人们刚开始打高尔夫球的时候，他们倾向于借或租球杆，而左撇子的球杆很难找到，也更贵。所以当人们有相同的惯用（右）手时他们可以共享球杆，这就是合作优势。由此可知，为什么只有4%的高尔夫球手是左撇子是因为高尔夫的进入门槛很高。故选A项。
【41题详解】推理判断题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段揭示了文章主旨要义“Across the globe only 10 percent of the population are left-handed—and it has been that way for thousands of years. But when you look into the sports world, lefties exist in large numbers. Why? The answer lies in the relative balance between cooperation and competition in human society, says a new study published in Britain’s The Journal of the Royal Society Interface.(全世界只有10%的人是左撇子，而且这种情况已经持续了数千年。但当你审视体育界时，你会发现左撇子的数量非常多。为什么?一项发表在英国《皇家学会界面杂志》上的新研究表明，答案在于人类社会合作与竞争之间的相对平衡。)”，由此可知，文章主要讲述了为什么生活中大部分人都是右利手（因为要合作），而在体育界中大部分运动员都是左利手（因为要竞争）；同时文章在后文段落“But it’s not just golf that can be challenging. Living as a left-handed minority in a world designed for the right-handed majority can be really dangerous.(但挑战的不仅仅是高尔夫。在一个为右撇子多数人设计的世界里，作为一个左撇子少数人生活是非常危险的。)”告知了读者左利手的人们也面临很多挑战。由此可推知，这篇文章主要目的是解释并告知。故选B项。
D
Removing gender bias
Tailors worked out long ago that men and women have different shapes. Yet this message has failed to enter many other areas of design. Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men, who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. And today the most forward-looking tech companies on Earth are still placing old-school bias (偏见；成见) into new products. Consider smart phones. Most are too big to fit comfortably into the average woman’s hand, as are many video-game controllers.
An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies—male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. Male bosses may be unaware of the problems women face. They may not flag up obvious areas of concern, or ask the right questions when doing their research for a new product design. And once an idea gets the green light, it will then be handled by product-design and engineering teams, three-quarters of whose members are men. These teams often use data to make decisions, but mixing all users together means they may fail to spot trends based on sex differences. Dependence on historical data, and the lack of data on underrepresented groups, can also create bias in algorithms (算法).
Next comes testing. Naturally, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people. There is also the risk of confirmation bias—designers may listen to what they want to hear, and ignore negative reactions from some groups of users.
Tech’s design bias needs fixing for moral, safety and business reasons. The ethical importance is obvious: it is wrong that women have to make do with a “one-size-fits-men” world, as Caroline Criado Perez, a writer, puts it. As for safety, regulators can tackle that by banning things that are dangerous to women—including seat belts—because they are no! designed properly.
But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed. Women are 50% of the population, and make 70—80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions.
Change is coming. The first voice-recognition systems struggled to understand female voices, but most now manage just fine. “Femtech” start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. Ensuring that products are designed for everyone would lead to happier and safer customers. For the companies that get it right, that means higher profits. What is holding them back?
42. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. hits the market
B. gets approval
C. becomes successful
D. comes into being
43. What is discussed in Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. Why tech’s design bias needs to be fixed.
B. How gender bias is affecting tech companies.
C. Where gender bias in product design is rooted.
D. Who is to blame for gender bias in tech companies.
44. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. tech companies are unwilling to change
B. design bias may result in missed opportunities
C. male workers benefit more in engineering teams
D. tech companies are poor at making user-friendly products
45. How does the author feel about the future of bias-free product design?
A. Uncertain.
B. Sceptical.
C. Positive.
D. Negative.
【答案】42. B 43. C 44. B 45. C
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了“产品设计存在性别偏见”这一事实，分析了在产品设计上产生偏见和原因，出于道德，安全以及商业原因，这些偏见需要消除，而作者对此抱有积极态度。
【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语的主语“an idea”意为“想法；主意”，结合后文“ it will then be handled by product-design and engineering teams, three-quarters of whose members are men.”（然后，它将由产品设计和工程团队来处理，其中四分之三的成员是男性。）可知，这个想法或创意应是先被批准，才将由产品设计和工程团队来处理。由此可推知，划线短语“gets the green light”应是“获得批准”含义，与选项B“gets approval(得到批准)”表达含义一致。故选B项。
【43题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第二，三段内容可知，第二段中“An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies—male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding.”（其设计问题的一个明显原因是男性控制了大部分公司。男性经营的公司获得了82%的风险投资。）为该段的主旨句，由此可知，第二段主要讲述了产品存在性别偏见的原因是男性控制了大部分公司，并且在进行决策是，往往使用的是缺乏普适性的数据。第三段的主旨句为“Naturally, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people.”（当然，设计师会在他们的目标客户身上测试原始模型，但他们可能无法从足够广泛的人群中获得反馈），由此可知，第三段讲述了在进行产品测试时，设计师们无法从足够广泛的人群中得到反馈，且往往忽略一些用户群体的负面反馈。由此可知，第二，三段主要讲述了在产品设计过程中，哪些环节出现了问题。故选C项。
【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed.”（但也有一个强大的商业理由来避免设计偏见，因为巨大的机会正在被错过。）可知，设计偏见可能会导致错过巨大的商机。故选B项。
【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段开头句“Change is coming.”可知，在作者看来，改变（产品性别偏见）即将到来，且后文“ ‘Femtech’ start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. Ensuring that products are designed for everyone would lead to happier and safer customers. For the companies that get it right, that means higher profits.(专注于女性健康和福祉的“Femtech”初创公司可能在今年年底前筹集到10亿美元的MYM资金。风投基金和科技公司正在雇佣更多的女性。确保产品是为每个人设计的，将会带来更快乐和更安全的客户。对那些做对了的公司来说，这意味着更高的利润。)”列举了一些产品的设计考的女性用户的例子以及公司会雇佣更多的女性能够带来更高的利润。由此推断作者对于无偏见产品设计的未来持有积极的态度。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Any art or skill is possessed by those who have formed the habit of operating according to its rules. This is the way the artist in any field differs from those who lack his skill.
Now there is no other way of forming a habit than by operating. That is what it means to say one learns to do by doing. The difference between your activity before and after you have formed a habit is a difference in readiness. ____46____ That is what it means to say practice makes perfect. You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating. ___47___
Knowing the rules of an art is not the same as having the habit. When we speak of a man as skilled in any way, we do not mean that he knows the rules of making or doing something, but that he possesses the habit of doing it. ____48____ You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules. The art as something that can be taught consists of rules to be followed in operation. The art as something learned and possessed consists of the habit that results from operating according to the rules.
___49___ People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows. There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting. ____50____ Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made. No matter how original his final production is, no matter how little it seems to obey the rules of art, he must be skilled to produce it.
A. After practice, you can do the same thing much better.
B. That is what it means to say that habit is second nature.
C. But there are rules for mixing paints and applying them.
D. Each separate act requires your full attention while you are doing it.
E. Of course, it is true that knowing the rules is a condition of getting the skill.
F. Like any skill worth mastering, a good habit requires time and dedication to develop.
G. Incidentally, not everyone understands that being an artist lies in operating according to rules.
【答案】46. A 47. B 48. E 49. G 50. C
【刘凯老师解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了“任何艺术或技能都是由那些养成了按其规则操作的习惯的人所拥有的”这个道理。
【46题详解】根据空后“That is what it means to say practice makes perfect.（这就是熟能生巧的意思。）”可知，该句应该介绍熟能生巧的意思。结合选项，A选项（经过练习，同样的事情你可以做得更好。）表达此意。故选A。
【47题详解】根据空前“You do something as if you were born to it, as if the activity were as natural to you as walking or eating.（你做某件事，就好像你生来就是做这件事的料，就好像这件事对你来说就像散步或吃饭一样自然。）”可知，空前这句表达的是“习惯成自然”的意思。结合选项，B选项（这就是说习惯是第二天性的意思）符合语境。故选B。
【48题详解】根据空后“You cannot follow rules you do not know. Nor can you acquire an artistic habit without following rules.（你不能遵守你不懂的规则。不遵循规则，也不可能养成艺术习惯。）”可知，养成艺术习惯的一个根本前提是要了解对应的规则。结合选项，E选项（当然，了解规则是获得技能的条件之一。）表达此意。故选E。
【49题详解】根据后文“People point to a highly original painter or sculptor and say, “He isn’t following rules. He’s doing something entirely original, something that has never been done before.” But they fail to see what rules the artist follows.（人们指着一位极具原创性的画家或雕刻家说:“他没有遵守规则。他在做一些完全独创的东西，一些以前从未有人做过的东西”。但他们没有看到艺术家遵循了什么规则。）”可知，艺术家在创作的时候遵循了一定的规则，但是很多人没有看到这一点。G选项（顺便说一句，并不是每个人都明白，作为一个艺术家，必须按规则行事。）表达此意。故选G。
【50题详解】空后“Those rules the painter must have followed, or else he could not have made the thing he has made.”提到：画家一定遵循了这些规则，否则他不可能做出他所做东西。那么该空应该介绍画家必须遵循的规则。结合选项，C选项（但是调色和使用是有规则的。）提到了这些规则。同时和空前的“There are no final, unbreakable rules for making a painting.（在绘画中没有最终的、不可打破的规则。）”构成转折。故选C。
第三部分：书面表达（共一节，15分）
51. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim给你发来邮件，询问在居家学习期间，你最常用的APP的情况。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
1. 该APP的名称；2. 其主要功能。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is everything going? It’s my pleasure to tell you something about my learning APP during the COVID pandemic. Here I’d like to introduce DingTalk to you.
Because of the disease, I studied online and stayed at home on school days. I spent most of my time taking online courses by using DingTalk, whose tasks were prepared by my teachers in advance. It is very convenient for students to express their answers instantly at any time. If I had any questions, I could contact my teachers through DingTalk, which provided a chance for them to explain everything to me patiently. Besides, DingTalk is also free to be used by all of us. So, never will we worry about paying one coin for it.
Looking forward to hearing from you again.
Yours,
Li Hua
【刘凯老师解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Jim回一封邮件，告知他关于你在居家学习期间你最常用的APP的情况。
详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和少量一般现在时。
结构：总-分-总法
要点：
1. 该APP的名称；2. 其主要功能。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
pleasure；pandemic；because of；stay at home；take online courses；in advance；at any time；worry about；look forward to；hear from；
第三步：连词成句
1. It’s my pleasure to tell you something about my learning APP during the COVID pandemic.
2. Here I’d like to introduce DingTalk to you.
3. I studied online and stayed at home on school days.
4. I spent most of my time taking online courses by using DingTalk, whose tasks were prepared by my teachers in advance.
5. If I had any questions, I could contact my teachers through DingTalk, which provided a chance for them to explain everything to me patiently.
6. It is very convenient for students to express their answers instantly at any time.
7. Never will we worry about paying one coin for it.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Besides；also
2.表因果关系：Because of；So
3.表条件关系：if
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] I spent most of my time taking online courses by using DingTalk, whose tasks were prepared by my teachers in advance.（使用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] It is very convenient for students to express their answers instantly at any time.（使用了it作形式主语）
[高分句型3] If I had any questions, I could contact my teachers through DingTalk, which provided a chance for them to explain everything to me patiently.（使用了由if引导的状语从句和由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
刘凯老师介绍
刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为北京理工大学。2010年赴美国宾夕法尼亚大学交流学习；2013年美国亚利桑那大学访问学者；2015年澳大利亚新南威尔士大学ESL研修；2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者；2019年赴澳大利亚麦考瑞大学交流习；GRE托福考试全球高分获得者；荣获长江商学院EMBA。
北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。多篇文章发表在《中国教育报》《中国考试》《北京教育》等报刊上。多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验，国际核心期刊发表多篇论文。
教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。
2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，学术功底深厚，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。
海外生活学习十年，社科人文类学科偏爱者；10年雅思教龄，知名教师培训师；指导上万考生快速冲刺雅思写作、阅读，平均分数7.5分；独创“段落清空”、极简化“针对检索式”阅读法等众多高效技法；每年雅思考试均在10次以上；均分8+；真题回忆准确度97%以上；贴近西式思路和语言指导学生写作；善于帮助学生突破学术写作思维瓶颈。讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、阅读和写作；在2014、2015、2017、2019四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。带给学生的不只是考分的提高，更多的是对英语领悟和感知的突破。纯正的英音、独到的见解、睿智的思维和轻松幽默的语言，为其赢得了广大学生的认同和喜爱。
资深考研培训讲师；
英语四六级考试天团高级讲师；
雅思阅读、雅思写作培训主讲名师；
六级考试阅卷组成员；
深谙命题规律和解题套路，对英语的学习规律和方法见解独特。
呼吁国人学习英语的态度：
重复是记忆之母。
用听，用看，用心去触摸每个单词，你便会有好的记忆。
中国人要学好英语就要有一点点变态。
上课特点：课堂从不需点名，却无人缺席
教学理念：英语教师很幸运也有责任与学生一同叩响世界之门