原文发表在《工矿自动化》2021年第2期,欢迎品读。

煤矿井下存在大量易燃易爆的混合物,这就要求本安电源正常工作或发生故障时所产生的电火花或热效应均不能导致爆炸。随着煤矿井下电气设备自动化程度越来越高,井下安装的各种监测、控制、通信系统及设备越来越多,使得小功率本安电源不能满足实际生产需求。因此,在保证本质安全的前提下,最大程度地提高本安电源输出功率,是本安电源发展的重要分支。针对现有本安电源存在的输出功率小、保护效果差、动态响应速度慢等问题,本文设计了一种基于故障电流变化率的大功率本安电源,通过检测本安电源发生短路故障后的电流变化率,加快本安电源保护电路的保护速度,提升电源的本质安全性能。

基于本安电源等效模型,分析得出本安电源短路故障特性:短路初始阶段火花放电电流迅速上升,电流变化率会发生突变。通过检测短路故障后电路中故障电流变化率的值,可以提前预知故障状态,在故障电流达到传统保护电流所设置的保护阈值之前便可以触发保护功能,并在短路故障的初始阶段切断输出回路。

打开网易新闻 查看更多图片

本安电源等效模型

大功率本安电源由开关电源和本安保护电路2个部分组成。开关电源部分通过电流控制型脉宽调制芯片UC3842控制MOSFET开关管的开通与关断时间比,保证输入电压在90~265 V之间变化时,维持稳定的直流输出。本安保护电路基于故障电流变化率来限制火花放电的能量。

大功率本安电源总体方案

引用格式

康骞,许春雨,田慕琴,等.基于故障电流变化率的大功率本安电源设计[J].工矿自动化,2021,47(2):6-12.

KANG Qian,XU Chunyu,TIAN Muqin,et al.Design of high-power intrinsically safe power supply based on fault current change rate[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2021,47(2):6-12.

作者联系方式

康骞(1994-),男,山西太原人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为矿用本安电源与电力电子技术,E-mail:kangqian1208@163.com。

责任编辑联系方式

胡娴,E-mail: huxian@cari.com.cn

基于故障电流变化率的大功率本安电源设计

Design of high-power intrinsically safe power supply based on fault current change rate

作者】康骞1,2,许春雨1,2,田慕琴1,2,宋建成1,2

Author】 KANG Qian1,2,XU Chunyu1,2,TIAN Muqin1,2,SONG Jiancheng1,2

作者机构】1.太原理工大学 矿用智能电器技术国家地方联合工程实验室, 山西 太原030024; 2.太原理工大学 煤矿电气设备与智能控制山西省重点实验室, 山西 太原030024

Unit】1.National & Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Mining Intelligent Electrical Apparatus Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; 2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mining Electrical Equipment and Intelligent Control, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

摘要】针对现有本安电源存在的输出功率小、保护效果差、动态响应速度慢等问题,设计了一种基于故障电流变化率的大功率本安电源。将本安电源等效为电势电容(EC)电路,分析了EC电路短路故障特性:短路初始阶段火花放电电流迅速上升,电流变化率会发生突变。通过检测短路故障后电路中故障电流变化率的值,可以提前预知故障状态,在故障电流达到传统电流保护方法所设置的保护阈值之前便触发保护功能,并在短路故障的初始阶段切断输出回路,提高本安电源的输出功率。大功率本安电源包括开关电源和本安保护电路2个部分:开关电源采用反激变换结构,其控制电路以UC3842为核心,反馈电路以光耦与三端稳压器TL431为核心;本安保护电路基于故障电流变化率来限制火花放电的能量,主要包括故障检测电路、比较电路、自恢复电路、软启动电路、驱动电路。本安电源样机性能测试结果表明,交流输入电压在90~265 V波动时,本安电源功率因数不小于0.96,输出直流电压纹波在20 mV以内,电源效率在85%以上。短路实验结果表明,本安电源在发生短路故障后的瞬态输出能量为65 μJ,满足设计要求。

Abstract】In order to solve the problems of low output power, poor protection effect, and slow dynamic response speed of existing intrinsically safe power supply, a high-power intrinsically safe power supply based on fault current change rate is designed. The intrinsically safe power supply is equivalent to an EC circuit, and the short-circuit fault characteristics of the EC circuit are analyzed as follows: the spark discharge current rises rapidly at the initial stage of the short-circuit, and the current change rate changes suddenly. By detecting the value of change rate of the fault current in the circuit after a short-circuit fault, it is able to predict the fault state in advance, trigger the protection function before the fault current reaching the protection threshold set by the conventional current protection method, and cut off the output circuit at the initial stage of the short-circuit fault so as to increase the output power of the intrinsically safe power supply. The high power intrinsically safe power supply includes 2 parts: the switching power supply and the intrinsically safe protection circuit. The switching power supply adopts flyback converter structure. The core of the control circuit is UC3842, and the core of the feedback circuit is optocoupler and three-terminal regulator TL431. The intrinsically safe protection circuit limits the energy of spark discharge according to the change rate of the fault current, and mainly includes a fault detection circuit, a comparison circuit, a self-recovery circuit, a soft start circuit and a drive circuit. The performance test results of the intrinsically safe power supply prototype show that the power factor of the intrinsically safe power supply is not less than 0.96 when the AC input voltage fluctuating in the range of 90 to 265 V, the output DC voltage ripple is within 20 mV, and the efficiency of the power supply is above 85%. The short-circuit test results show that the transient output energy of the intrinsically safe power supply after a short-circuit fault is 65 μJ, which meets the design requirements.

关键词】 大功率本安电源;故障电流变化率;电势电容;开关电源;本安保护电路;反激变换;EC电路

Key words】high-power intrinsically safe power supply; fault current change rate; potential capacitance; switching power supply; intrinsically safe protection circuit; flyback converter; EC circuit

【基金项目】国家自然科学基金资助项目(51577123)

信息提供:胡娴 图文编辑:张聚

审 核:王晖

打开网易新闻 查看更多图片

免责声明:以上内容转载自工矿自动化,所发内容不代表本平台立场。

全国能源信息平台联系电话:010-65367702,邮箱:hz@people-energy.com.cn,地址:北京市朝阳区金台西路2号人民日报社