哪儿痛？： Where does it hurt?
告诉我哪里痛？： Tell me where it hurt?
我浑身痛。： I‘m aching all over.
我背部有点痛。： I’ve got a slight ache in my back.
我感到腿部一阵剧痛。： I felt a sharp pain in my leg.
我有各种疼痛。： I have various aches and pain.
我眼痛。： My eyes hurt.
My eyes are hurting me.
My eyes are sore.
I have sore eyes.
我耳朵疼。： My ear aches.
I have earache.
眼药水： eye drops
止咳糖浆： cough syrup
晕车药： travel sickness tablets
针灸疗法： acupuncture therapy
喉咙喷剂： throat spray
烧伤药：burn treatment cream
感冒胶囊： capsules for cold
cold relief capsules
流感冲剂： sachets of powder for flu
sachets of flu powder
维生素片： vitamin pills
vitamin tablets
王力车祸中受了轻伤。： Wang Li was slightly injured in the car crash.
他在事故中多处受伤。： He sustained multiple injuries in the accident.
他在火灾中严重烧伤。： He was badly burnt in the fire.
小张伤了背。： Xiao Zhang hurt his back.
她断了左臂。： She broke her left arm.
她扭伤了手腕。： She sprained her wrist.
扭伤很重。： It was a bad sprain.
他背老痛。： He has a bad back.
他有蛀牙。： He has bad teeth.
他有肾病。： He has kidney trouble.
他心脏弱。： He has a weak heart.
他胃不好。： He has a weak stomach.
表达得患、感染上或传染上某种病时，英语常用 have、catch、get、 develop或 contract。
得肺炎：to catch pneumonia
患疟疾：to catch malaria
食物中毒： to get food poisoning
患流感： to get flu
感染艾滋病： to contract Aids
to get Aids
患麻疹： to develop measles
to get measles
英语里有些表示病痛的名词既是可数的，又是不可数的。
牙痛： to have a toothache
to have toothache
背痛： to have a backache
to have backache
肚子痛： to have a stomach ache
to have stomach ache
英语里有些表示病痛的名词是可数的但一般用单数形式，前面加不定冠词。
患感冒： to catch a cold
患头痛： to have a headache
患皮肤感染： to get an inflammation of the skin
突发流感： to have a bout of flu
突发神经紧张： to have a bout of nerves
哮喘病发作： to have an attack of asthma
心脏病发作： to have a heart attack
一阵咳嗽： to have a coughing fit
癫痫发作： to have an epileptic fit
患风湿： to have rheumatism
发高烧： to have a high fever
患皮肤癌： to have skin cancer
腹泻/拉肚子： to have diarrhoea
有支气管炎： to have bronchitis
他正接受心脏病的治疗。： He is being treated for heart trouble.
他吃了些咳嗽药。： He took some cough medicine.
我给开了感冒药片。： I have been prescribed tablets for flu.
这种药有处方时才卖。： This medicine is only available on prescription.
医生正在为他做手术。： The surgeon operating on him.
他左腿动过手术。： He had an operation on his left leg.
我接种过水痘。： I was vaccinated/immunized against.
I received/had a vaccination against chickenpox.
I had a chickenpox.
他打了感冒针。：He had flu injections.
护士给他打了感冒针。：The nurse gave him flu injections.
以上内容来自《英语思维》（石海浪著）课堂学习笔记